Eva von Bahr (physicist)

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Eva Wilhelmina Julia von Bahr-Bergius (born September 16, 1874 on the Mälby farm in today's Österåker municipality , † February 28, 1962 in Uppsala ) was a Swedish physicist .

Life

Eva von Bahr came in 1874 as the youngest child of the district judge (häradshövding) Carl von Bahr (1830–1900) and his wife Elisabeth, b. Boström (1838–1914), to the world. Her brother was the politician Johan von Bahr (1860-1929), who later became mayor of Uppsala . Her uncle was Prime Minister Erik Gustaf Boström and her aunt was the philanthropist Ebba Boström .

Contrary to the wishes of her family, she began - financially independent after the death of her father - in 1901 to study at Uppsala University . In 1908 she wrote her doctoral thesis on the effect of pressure on the absorption of ultra-red radiation by gases . From 1909 she was the first female physics lecturer in Sweden. She worked closely with Professor Knut Ångström . After his sudden death in 1910, von Bahr was excluded from classes by Ångström's successor, Gustaf Granqvist . After she was finally excluded from her professorship at Uppsala University, she applied for a position at the Humboldt University in Berlin . In 1913 she worked for Heinrich Rubens in Berlin , where she also met Lise Meitner , with whom she had been on friendly terms for decades. During her time in Berlin, von Bahr carried out experiments that confirmed Max Planck's quantum theory , which Niels Bohr von Bahr mentioned in his 1922 Nobel Prize lecture.

In January 1914 von Bahr returned to Sweden to look after her sick mother. She originally planned to return to Germany afterwards, but the outbreak of World War I thwarted those plans. Instead, she taught at Brunnsvik Community College in Dalarna . There she met the adult education center teacher Georg Nikolaus Josef Bergius (1871–1947), whom she married on June 19, 1917. Towards the end of the war, the school was closed and the couple settled in Charlottenlund , Denmark , where their encounter with Jesuits led to a move towards Catholicism . Von Bahr later also wrote some writings about her return to the faith. After the war ended, the couple settled in Kungälv . After her husband's death in 1947, von Bahr moved to Uppsala. There she wrote her autobiography Ur "spridda minnen från ett långt liv" , some of which was only published in 2015.

Fonts (selection)

  • About the effect of pressure on the absorption of ultrared radiation by gases. Almqvist et al. Wiksell, Uppsala 1908.
  • With Johann Georg Koenigsberger : About the color of inorganic salts and the calculation of the vibrating parts. Winter Verlag , Heidelberg 1911.
  • On the quantum theory and the rotation energy of molecules. London 1914.
  • Om katolicisms. Några ord till protestanter. Almqvist & Wiksell, Uppsala 1929.
  • Min våg tillbaka till kristendomen. Almqvist & Wiksell, Uppsala 1933.
  • Efterskrift till Min väg tillbaka till kristendomen. Almqvist & Wiksell, Uppsala 1934.
  • Ur "spridda minnen från ett långt liv". Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, scrifter rörande Uppsala universitet. B. Inbjudningar, 177, 2015, pages 7-73.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Eva von Bahr . In Svenskt biografiskt lexikon (Swedish), accessed January 9, 2018
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Carl Frängsmyr: Ur ”Spridda minnen från ett långt liv” Av Eva von Bahr-Bergius . (Swedish) In: Promotionsfesten i Uppsala on 30 januari 2015, pages 7–12, accessed on 9 January 2018
  3. ↑ a b Kvinnor i Uppsala universitets historia . In: uu.se, accessed on January 9, 2018
  4. ↑ Niels Bohr : The structure of the atom. Nobel Lecture, December 11, 1922 . In: nobelprize.org, accessed January 9, 2018
personal data
SURNAME Bahr, Eva von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bahr, Eva Wilhelmina Julia von (full name); Bahr-Bergius, Eva von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swedish physicist
DATE OF BIRTH September 16, 1874
PLACE OF BIRTH Mälby farm in what is now Österåker municipality, Sweden
DATE OF DEATH February 28, 1962
Place of death Uppsala , Sweden