Exapion fuscirostre

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Exapion fuscirostre
Exapion fuscirostre 44.jpg

Exapion fuscirostre

Systematics
Family : Long beetle (Brentidae)
Subfamily : Apioninae
Tribe : Exapiini
Genre : Exapion
Subgenus : Exapion
Type : Exapion fuscirostre
Scientific name
Exapion fuscirostre
( Fabricius , 1775)
Dorsal view

Exapion fuscirostre , in German sometimes referred to as broom weevil , is a beetle fromthe Brentidae family , subfamily Apioninae , whichbelongs tothe weevil relatives. The type epithet is derived from Latin: fuscus for "brown" or "black", rostre for "trunk" (rostrum).

features

The beetles reach a body length of 2.4 to 3 millimeters. They have an elongated oval shape. The elytra are narrow and elongated. The head, pronotum and elytra are reddish to brown in color. A lightly scaled oblique band extends backwards over the wing covers from the shoulder bump. The trunk becomes significantly thinner towards the tip. The rust-red colored antennae are located near the base of the trunk . There is also a downwardly directed tooth, which in females can also be a rounded thickening. The legs are colored rust-red. The antennae as well as the trochanters and the basal part of the femora are darkened.

The species can be distinguished from other representatives of the genus Exapion by the two-tone white and brownish scales of the wing covers in connection with the narrow, laterally compressed shape of the wing covers. The similar and closely related Exapion compactum and Exapion inexpertum not live at Broom, but on broom and wing broom TYPES (genus Genista ).

distribution

Exapion fuscirostre is native to the Middle East , Europe and North Africa. The species is widespread in Europe, but is absent in Eastern Europe (east to Slovakia). It is common everywhere in Central Europe. Their occurrence extends in the north to southern Sweden and England. In Portugal, in addition to the nominate form, there is also the subspecies Exapion fuscirostre Flachi ( Wagner , 1906). The beetle species was introduced to North America in 1964. The original population came from Italy and was released in California. It has now established itself on the west coast as far as British Columbia in the north.

The species is the most common species of the genus Exapion in Central Europe .

Way of life

The beetles can be seen from April to October, mainly in May. The larvae develop in the seeds of the broom broom ( Sarothamnus scoparius ), whereby each larva needs one seed for development. They were therefore introduced in North America for biological pest control . The eggs are laid in the pods of the host plants. The larvae hatch between 5 and 15 days after oviposition. These go through three larval stages over a period of 20-40 days. The pupation usually takes place in the third week of July within the sleeve. After 10-20 days appearing imagines . These then hibernate in protected locations in the vicinity of their host plants, for example under nearby leaves.

Natural enemies

The wasp Pteromalus sequester is considered a parasitoid of the beetle larvae of fuscirostre Exapion .

Taxonomy

The following synonyms can be found in the literature :

  • Apion fuscirostre ( Fabricius , 1775)
  • Curculio albovittatus autumn , 1784
  • Curculio melanopus Marsham , 1802
  • Curculio venustus autumn , 1795

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Joachim Rheinheimer, Michael Hassler: The weevils of Baden-Württemberg. Published by the LUBW State Institute for the Environment, Measurements and Nature Conservation Baden-Württemberg, Verlag Regionalkultur, Karlsruhe 2010. ISBN 978-3-89735-608-5 . Exapion fuscirostre on pp. 242-243, genus Exapion, pp. 236-237.
  2. ↑ a b c d e Arved Lompe: Exapion determination table . coleonet.de. Retrieved February 4, 2020.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f Heinz Freude , Karl Wilhelm Harde , Gustav Adolf Lohse (ed.): Die Käfer Mitteleuropas . tape  10 : Bruchidae – Curculionidae 1 . Goecke & Evers , Krefeld 1981, ISBN 3-87263-029-6 , pp. 144 .
  4. ↑ a b c d Exapion fuscirostre at Fauna Europaea. Retrieved February 4, 2020
  5. ↑ a b Species Exapion fuscirostre - Seed-feeding Weevil . bugguide.net. Retrieved February 4, 2020.
  6. ^ A b Lothar Dieckmann (1977): Contributions to the insect fauna of the GDR: Coleoptera -Curculionidae (Apioninae). Apion fsucirostre on p. 58.
  7. ↑ a b c Integrated Weed Control Project - Exapion fuscirostre . Washington State University. Retrieved February 4, 2020.
  8. ↑ a b c d e f Exapion fuscirostre (F.) (PDF, 816 KB) Government of British Columbia. Retrieved February 4, 2020.
  9. ↑ Exapion fuscirostre . www.biolib.cz. Retrieved February 4, 2020.

Web links

Commons : Exapion fuscirostre  - collection of images, videos and audio files