Half-timbered synagogue (Detmold)

Half-timbered synagogue
	; Courtyard of the former synagogue with a memorial
Data
place	Detmold
Construction year	1683
Coordinates	51 ° 56 '2.7 " N , 8 ° 52' 45.4" E Coordinates: 51 ° 56 '2.7 " N , 8 ° 52' 45.4" E

The former half-timbered synagogue on Exterstrasse is a listed building in Detmold in the Lippe district ( North Rhine-Westphalia ).

history

Since 1666 the Jews in Detmold were allowed to celebrate the New Year and Prayer Day, from 1670 they were allowed to celebrate church services and festive days in their private houses together with other Jews in the country - for a corresponding fee to the Rentkammer . At that time they were not yet allowed to build a public synagogue.

Two rooms that the Jewish community in Detmold used are considered to be the predecessors of the half-timbered synagogue:

From 1712 to 1742 there was a synagogue in the house of the musician Spangenberg at Krummen Strasse 28.
In the neighboring house, Krumme Strasse 30, the court agent Raphael Levi maintained a private synagogue in an extension.

Both buildings are no longer preserved today.

The building on Exterstrasse, built in 1683, was originally used as a barn. The Detmold Jews acquired the barn in 1742 from the lawyer Johann Philipp Culemann, restored it and expanded it into a synagogue. A characteristic of a Jewish place of worship before the time of the emancipation of the Jews was the location set back from the street.

At the same time as the barn was acquired, the house at Exterstrasse 8 was purchased, which was converted into a Jewish school in 1803/04.

It was not until the beginning of the 20th century that the Jewish community decided to build a new synagogue on Lortzingstrasse . The buildings in Exterstrasse were sold to the innkeeper Wilhelm Schmidt in 1905 and the move to the new building, which was finally burned down during the Reichspogromnacht , took place. The former synagogue subsequently served as a locksmith's shop and warehouse. Nowadays the Christian community uses it as a church and has given it the name "Michael Chapel".

Commemoration

There is a monument by Winfried Hogrebe in the back yard of the former synagogue. This shows an installation which, as a central element, contains four undamaged columns from the synagogue that was destroyed in 1938. The design emerged as the winner of a competition announced by the city of Detmold in 1987 and was inaugurated on November 3, 1988. A plaque placed at the foot of the building wall at the same time contains the inscription "We are commemorating the victims of the National Socialist tyranny, including the six million Jews who were murdered in German concentration camps."

On the courtyard side to the right of the building there is a memorial plaque naming the victims of the persecution of Jews in Detmold. This memorial plaque, initiated by the archive educator Wolfgang Müller and commissioned by the Society for Christian-Jewish Cooperation in Lippe, was inaugurated on November 9, 1995 and at the time it was unique in its completeness in Ostwestfalen-Lippe. In 2001 the list of victims was revised based on new findings.

Since 1988 a memorial event for the victims of National Socialism has been held every year on November 9th in the courtyard of the synagogue.

Web links

Commons : Half-timbered synagogue (Detmold) - Collection of images, videos and audio files

literature

Anna-Christine Brade (Ed.): I thought you were dead - Nazi memorials and commemorative processes in Ostwestfalen-Lippe . Publishing house for regional history, Bielefeld 1997, ISBN 3-89534-202-5 .
Michael Guenter: The Jews in Lippe from 1648 to emancipation in 1858 . Scientific and historical association for the state of Lippe, Detmold 1973.
Gudrun Mitschke-Buchholz: In the footsteps of Jews - two city tours through Detmold . Lippe-Verlag, Lage 2001, ISBN 3-9808082-8-9 .
Moritz Rülf: The history of the Jews in Lippe . Original in: Lippischer Kalender 1933 . Verlag der Meyerschen Hofbuchhandlung, pp. 69–73. Reprinted in Jews in Lemgo and Lippe. Small town life between emancipation and deportation . Publishing house for regional history, Bielefeld 1988, ISBN 3-927085-08-1
Peter Wagner: The Jewish community is building a synagogue . In: Detmold around 1900: Documentation of an urban history project . Aisthesis Verlag, Bielefeld 2004, ISBN 3-89528-435-1 .

Individual evidence

^ Moritz Rülf: The history of the Jews in Lippe .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Peter Wagner: The Jewish community is building a synagogue .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Gudrun Mitschke-Buchholz: In the footsteps of Jews - two city tours through Detmold .
↑ ^a ^b Anna-Christine Brade (Ed.): I thought you were dead - Nazi memorials and commemorative processes in East Westphalia-Lippe .
↑ Remembering and Commemoration . City of Detmold. Archived from the original on June 6, 2012. Retrieved June 16, 2012.

[1] Moritz Rülf: The history of the Jews in Lippe .

[Wagner-2] Peter Wagner: The Jewish community is building a synagogue .

[Stadtrundgang-3] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Gudrun Mitschke-Buchholz: In the footsteps of Jews - two city tours through Detmold .

[Brade-4] Anna-Christine Brade (Ed.): I thought you were dead - Nazi memorials and commemorative processes in East Westphalia-Lippe .

[5] Remembering and Commemoration . City of Detmold. Archived from the original on June 6, 2012. Retrieved June 16, 2012.