Fact is

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Factice (derived from French caoutchouc factice = "artificial rubber"), also known as oil rubber , is a rubber-like material that is produced by cross-linking unsaturated mineral and vegetable oils , in Europe mainly rapeseed (rapeseed) and castor oil and in America in addition from soybean oil . The production is similar to the vulcanization of rubber . Sulfur , oxygen , chlorosulfur , silicon tetrachloride and diisocyanates are used for crosslinking .

composition

The composition of the different types of factice varies depending on the input materials and manufacturing process. The mineral oil content is between 0 and 30 percent, sulfur-containing factise species contain up to approx. 5% free sulfur. The material usually has a density similar to water (1.0 to 1.1 g / cm 3 ).

Use and forms

Factice is used as a gumming agent and as an additive for rubber and similar materials that are used as elastomers or fillers . Above all, it has a positive effect on the processing properties and is also form-stabilizing and retarding aging. As an additive , Faktis is also used in paints , varnishes , adhesives , lubricants and various plastics as well as linoleum . Depending on the application, plasticizers , stabilizers and a proportion of mineral oils are added to the factice itself .

Different forms of factice are distinguished based on its properties and production. The white factice is light and can be dented (deformed), and more or less brittle. It is unstabilized and contains not only sulfur but also chlorine additives . It is used, for example, as an eraser . Brown factice , on the other hand, is darker due to the higher sulfur content and can be viscous, liquid or hard, depending on the processing.

development

The development of factice occurred around the same time as the discovery of the vulcanization of rubber in response to high rubber prices. The first facti-like product was produced in 1846 by treating rapeseed oil with nitric acid, and in 1853 the first sulfur facti took place. In 1858 the factice got its name as a derivative of the French term Caoutchuoc factice . As a result, factice production was further improved and standardized, resulting in consistent quality and different variants of factice for different areas of application.

DOG Deutsche Oelfabrik, Hamburg

The Hamburg-based company Deutsche Oelfabrik Gesellschaft für chemicalprodukte has been manufacturing factice for the rubber industry since 1902. Since expanding production capacity in 2004, the company has been the world's largest factories producer.

literature

  • Klaus-Ulrich Heyland, Herbert Hanus, Ernst Robert Keller: Oil fruits, fiber plants, medicinal plants and special crops. Handbook of Plant Cultivation Volume 4, Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2006; Pages 179-184. ISBN 978-3-8001-3203-4
  • DOG German oil factory company for chemical products mbH & Co KG: DOG factus. DOG contact number 38, information from the rubber industry.
  • Keyword Factice In: Hans Zoebelein (Ed.): Dictionary of Renewable Resources. 2nd edition, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim and New York 1996; Page 92. ISBN 3-527-30114-3 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Karlheinz Biederbick: Kunststoffe , 4th edition, Vogel-Verlag, Würzburg, 1977, p. 174, ISBN 3-8023-0010-6 .
  2. ↑ Entry on factisse. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on May 5, 2016.
  3. ↑ a b D.OG - add efficiency. Product information of Deutsche Oelfabrik Ges.f.chem.Erz.mbH & Co.KG ( pdf )