Rendsburg fortress
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The Rendsburg fortress was expanded to become the second largest fortress in the Kingdom of Denmark from 1690 . In the Prussian province of Schleswig-Holstein since 1867 , on the eve of the First World War, Rendsburg is said to have been the largest German garrison after the Königsberg garrison in Prussia and the Metz fortress .
history
The Christian V. (Denmark and Norway) had Rendsburg the strongest fortress in the Duchy of Schleswig and the duchy of Holstein expand. It was supposed to protect the trading city and the Kingdom of Denmark from raids from the south. Initially, only the existing ramparts on the Eider Island were reinforced. But already during the construction work it became clear that the complex was not up to the level of fortress architecture of its time. Between 1690 and 1695, semi-circular weir systems were built on the south and north banks of the Eider , the Kronwerk and the Neuwerk. The “Neuwerk” located south of the old town was so large that its interior offered space for a new part of the city. In order to fill it with life, Christian V invited Jews to settle in the Neuwerk (and only there). He lured with privileges that made Rendsburg the third “city of tolerance” in the duchies alongside Glückstadt and Friedrichstadt . Even though privileges such as trading in new goods were soon denied, the Neuwerk developed into a center of Jewish life. With its baroque character and the streets running radially from the center towards the bastions, the Neuwerk stood out clearly from the old town. The area around Paradeplatz is still clearly visible today. The arsenal, provision house and garrison church - like almost the entire ensemble - have been preserved. Rendsburg played a central role in the Schleswig-Holstein survey . For a few months it became the seat of the Provisional Government . The dream of an independent "Schleswigholstein" ended with the defeat in the Battle of Idstedt on July 24th and 25th, 1850. The old rights of the entire Danish state were restored. In 1852, the year of the London Protocol , the order came from Copenhagen to demolish the fortifications. After the German-Danish War Rendsburg became a garrison of the Prussian Army . Later the city garrisoned units of the Reichswehr and the Wehrmacht . After 1945 the British Army and especially the Norwegian Armed Forces (Tyskland Brigade) were stationed in Rendsburg. In 1956, German Bundeswehr troops returned to the city. All Bundeswehr associations and schools in Rendsburg were dissolved by 2011. The city is no longer a garrison.
See also
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- List of other closed military locations in Germany
- List of technical terms in fortress construction
- Rendsburg # story
literature
- Robert Bohn , Martin Westphal (ed.): Garrison history of the city of Rendsburg (= IZRG series of publications; Vol. 17), Publishing House for Regional History, Bielefeld 2017.
- Friedrich Schröder : Rendsburg as a fortress . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1939.