Jesendorf campfire site

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location
Coat of arms from 2011 with reference to the fireplace

The campfire site in Jesendorf ( Nordwestmecklenburg district ) was discovered east of Tarzower See in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania during a rescue excavation. On an area of ​​around 1.1 hectares, 418 findings were uncovered, most of which belong to a Late Bronze or Early Iron Age fireplace site.

context

In Scandinavia and northern Germany , the Gargruben (Danish Kokegroper, Swedish Kokgropar med Skärvsten, English Pit Alignments), first recognized in 1906, are actually a phenomenon of the younger Bronze and Iron Ages . Comparable findings are also known from southern Germany, albeit in smaller numbers. The more recent research calls such sites as cult fire or fireplace sites. In 1989 Sigrid Heidelk-Schacht lists 30 such places in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and in the north of Brandenburg and Saxony-Anhalt ( Zedau ). The places are collections of similar fireplaces, which were almost always set up in an exposed position and in the immediate vicinity of the water. They are sometimes located near Bronze Age graves and mostly away from settlements. Fireplaces rarely contain finds and are hardly detectable above ground.

description

With 334 campfire sites near Jesendorf , it is the largest known site in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , which is also one of the largest in northern Germany. The band of fire places extends in an arc shape over about 110 m in a west-east direction. Within the band there are four larger concentrations in which the findings are unregulated in groups. At the western edge of the excavation, the fireplaces are particularly close and form two almost black, around 60 m² large areas that continue to the Tarzower See outside the excavation area.

As a rule, there are round to rectangular fireplaces with mostly a preserved stone layer. In some cases it was found that the fires kindled in the pits had only been covered with stones afterwards. In addition, central burrows are often recognizable, which may be due to the removal of the food cooked in the pits .

The fireplaces may have played a role in the context of religious and cultic life, because simultaneous settlement sites cannot be cited from the surrounding area.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The first series that could be dated in England produced the uncalibrated date 4360 + 50 BP (i.e. around 2900 BC). Stephen Carter: A radiocarbon dated pit alignment at North Straiton, near Leuchars, Fife. In: Tayside and Fife Archaeological Journal. Vol. 2, 1996, ZDB -ID 2664954-8 , pp. 45-51, ( digitized version (PDF; 569 kB) ).
  2. ↑ Marcel Honeck: Nothing but hot stones? For the interpretation of the firing pits of the late Bronze Age and early Iron Age in Germany (= university research on prehistoric archeology. 166). Habelt, Bonn 2009, ISBN 978-3-7749-3612-6 .
  3. ↑ Sigrid Heidelk-Schacht: Young Bronze Age and Early Iron Age cult fire places in the north of the GDR. In: Friedrich Schlette , Dieter Kaufmann (ed.): Religion and cult in prehistoric and early historical times. 13th meeting of the Pre- and Early History Section from November 4 to 6, 1985 in Halle (Saale) (= Conference of the Pre- and Early History Section. 13). Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1989, ISBN 3-05-000662-5 , pp. 229-240.

See also

Web links

Coordinates: 53 ° 48 ′ 25.4 "  N , 11 ° 35 ′ 33.4"  E