Force feedback
The term Force Feedback ( English ; haptic technology or haptics , i.e. haptic technology ) or force feedback describes a feedback of force to the user used in input devices .
In control systems
The principle of force feedback is used in some aircraft equipped with fly-by-wire , since there is no direct power transmission from the control surfaces of the aircraft to the control elements of the pilot and therefore important, tangible information must be artificially generated for the pilot . When the physical properties of the controlled object are conveyed haptically in the operating element, one speaks of an active control element. Force feedback can also be used to discuss a haptic feedback, the situational awareness (Engl. Situation Awareness ) of the pilots of Sidestick -controlled fly-by-wire aircraft intended (eg. As in terms of to reach a control limit remaining tax reserve ) to improve.
Also gripping arms / manipulators of remote controlled diving robots ( Remotely Operated Vehicle ) are partly provided with force feedback. The mechanical feedback of force to the master arm operated by the pilot enables more precise control. The technology is still very error-prone and needs further development.
Force feedback is already used in the automotive sector, e.g. B. to operate the iDrive from BMW or in the force feedback accelerator pedal from Continental Temic.
In the simulation
Force feedback systems are used as a human-machine interface in a variety of ways in industry and science. One area of application is the remote control of robots with force feedback, so that the operator can feel the contact in good time and avoid damage. The area of application is, for example, the remote control of robots in the nuclear industry, especially for repairs, dismantling old reactors in contaminated areas and disposing of radioactive material. Another application is the remote control of robots during repair work in space travel, for example on the international space station ISS.
In medical technology, force feedback is used particularly in training simulators for training in clinical areas. Rehabilitation and robot-assisted operating systems to support doctors are further areas of application.
In the field of virtual reality, the technology is used to support assembly, investigations and virtual training in the development and planning of scale models.
In computer games
Some computer game hardware can provide the player with mechanical feedback on events in the game. The input device vibrates, for example, during collisions or when weapons are fired . It is also possible to increase the resistance of the input device to move in certain directions, depending on the situation.
Vibration patterns are usually available for different game situations in order to create the most realistic impression possible. A car colliding with a wall in a racing game may e.g. B. produce a short, sudden jolt or a constant centering force in a long curve, while the fire of a fully automatic firearm in a first-person shooter can be underlaid with sustained vibrations.
In 1986, the stationary arcade game Out Run was the first game to use Force Feedback for mechanical feedback via the steering wheel. This was later also introduced in game consoles , e.g. B. in controllers for the PlayStation or in the "Rumble Pak" from Nintendo.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Florian JJ Schmidt-Skipiol Haptic feedback when operating fly-by-wire aircraft. Lower Saxony Research Center for Aviation, Braunschweig 2018, ISBN 978-3-947623-01-3 .