Forno da Cal
Coordinates: 40 ° 4 ′ 2 " N , 8 ° 43 ′ 47" W.
The Forno da Cal ( German lime kiln ) is a long as a quarry used limestone hills with an even until the Neolithic used Concheiro and an outgoing Final Neolithic burial ground north of Vinha da Rainha in the District of Coimbra in Portugal .
location
The Forno da Cal is located about 10 km in the hinterland of the Atlantic coast in the central region southeast of Figueira da Foz on a tributary of the Rio do Pranto . The alluvial land beyond the Ilha da Murraceira was probably a sea bay in the Neolithic period. The hill to the north of the village of Vinha da Rainha extends from the northwest to the southeast.
Burials
In 1897, A. dos Santos Rocha (1853–1910) published reports on the discovery of prehistoric graves during the blasting work on the hill base. The contemporary somewhat unclear reports support assumptions that a Neolithic-Copper Age burial place was located here. In the first report there is talk of the discovery of a crypt, which points to rock-domed tombs or natural caves. The systems are not preserved.
The clam pile
On the hill you can still see the remains of a clam pile in some places ( Portuguese : Concheiro ). A. dos Santos Rocha recognized a thick layer over a length of 40 m, which consisted mainly of mussels. Charcoal pieces, animal bones and Neolithic finds were stored, especially ceramics from the Cardial or Imprint culture , which is characteristic of the early Neolithic in this area.
literature
- Raquel Vilaça: Subsídios para o estudo da Pré-história recente do Baixo Mondego. Instituto Português do Património Cultural, Lisbon 1988, ISBN 972-9374-04-X ( Trabalhos de arqueologia 5).
- Thomas G. Schattner (Ed.): Archaeological guide through Portugal (= cultural history of the ancient world . Vol. 74). Philipp von Zabern, Mainz 1998, ISBN 3-8053-2313-1 , p. 108.