François-Juste-Marie Raynouard

François Just Marie Raynouard (born September 18, 1761 in Brignoles , † October 27, 1836 in Passy ) was a French writer and philologist .

François Raynouard

Life

Raynouard was born in Brignoles in Provence, studied law and practiced as a lawyer in Draguignan . In 1791 he went to Paris during the French Revolution and was elected to the Legislative Assembly, but after the fall of the moderate Girondins he was arrested and barely escaped the guillotine. While in captivity, Raynouard wrote his first play, Caton d'Utique (1794). The following two works, Eléonore de Bavière and Les Templiers , were played in the Comédie Francaise. Raynouard was elected to the Académie Francaise in 1807, and from 1816 to the Academy of Inscriptions and Fine Arts, of which he was permanent secretary from 1817 to 1827. In 1806 and again in 1811 he was elected to the Legislative Assembly as a member of the Var département. After further theatrical successes, after the end of Napoleonic rule, Raynouard increasingly devoted himself to linguistics, especially his Provencal mother tongue. With the first modern edition of the poetry of the Troubadours Choix de poésies originales des troubadours (1816-21), continued by the Nouveaux choix (1835), he contributed significantly to the rediscovery of Provencal poetry of the Middle Ages. He laid the linguistic foundations of the study of Provençal in his Elements de la grammaire romane (1816) and the monumental Dictionnaire de la langue des troubadours (1838–44). A first comparative study of the Romance languages ​​is the Grammaire comparée des langues de l'Europe latine dans leurs rapports avec la langue des troubadours (1821), in which he saw Provençal as the archetype of all Romance languages. He examined the old French language in the Observations philologiques sur le roman de Rou . He died in Passy near Paris in 1836.

With his works on troubadour poetry, Raynouard played a decisive role in the development of the scientific study of the Romance languages. Goethe knew his edition of the troubadour poetry and in turn encouraged Friedrich Diez , the founder of German Romance studies, to deal with the troubadour poetry and the Provencal language on this basis.

Works (selection)

theatre

• Caton d'Utique (1794)
• Socrate au temple d'Aglaure (1802)
• Les Templiers (1805)
• Les Etats de Blois (1810)
• Joan of Arc d'Orléans (1810)

Philological

• Choix de poésies originales des troubadours (1816–21)
• Eléments de la grammaire romane (1816)
• Choix de poésies originales des troubadours (1816–21)
• Des troubadours et des cours d'amour (1817)
• Grammaire comparée des langues de l'Europe latine, dans leurs rapports avec la langue des troubadours (1821)
• Lexique roman ou dictionnaire de la langue des troubadours (1838–44)
  • Tome 1
  • Tome 2, A-C
  • Tome 3, D-K
  • Tome 4, L-P
  • Tome 5, Q-Z
  • Tome 6, Appendice, vocabulaire

Historiography

• Monuments historiques relatifs à la condamnation des chevaliers du Temple (1813) Digitized
• Histoire du droit municipal en France sous la domination romaine et sous les trois dynasties (1829)

literature

• Jürgen Storost: "On Raynouard's position in the history of Romance philology". In: Contributions to Romance Philology, XX. Born in 1981, issue 2, pages 195–212.
• Jürgen Storost, "On Raynouard's Position in the History of Romance Linguistics". In: Linguistic Studies (Central Institute for Linguistics), Series A, No. 86, Berlin 1981, pages 74–130.

Web links

• Literature by and about François-Juste-Marie Raynouard in the catalog of the German National Library
• Short biography and list of works of the Académie française (French)
• Literature by and about François-Juste-Marie Raynouard in the SUDOC catalog (Association of French University Libraries)