Frankfurt Transport Association
The Frankfurter Verkehrs- und Tarifverbund (FVV, 1974 to 1995) was one of the forerunners of today's Rhein-Main-Verkehrsverbund , it was founded with a view to the later commissioning of the S-Bahn Rhein-Main (commissioning on May 28, 1978), to establish a uniform tariff system in the Frankfurt am Main region . The FVV was a pure amalgamation of various transport companies and the first completely dissolved transport association in Germany. The most important goal of the transport association was therefore to be able to use the two rapid-transit railway networks under construction with a common ticket. The model for this was the Hamburger Verkehrsverbund (HVV) founded on November 29, 1965 , the world's first transport association. In 1993, the FVV carried 244.3 million passengers.
Foundation and expansion
The FVV began operations at the beginning of the 1974 summer timetable . The first day of application of the Community tariff was Sunday, May 26, 1974; the last day of validity before the integration into the RMV was Saturday, May 27th 1995 (last day of validity of the winter timetable 1994/95). In 1987, the Frankfurt-Königsteiner Eisenbahn AG (FKE), which operated the Königsteiner Bahn , a suburban railway line, and numerous bus lines in the western neighboring area of Frankfurt, joined the FVV. The FKE railway line was now operated under the name K-Bahn as part of the rapid transit network. In 1993 the Taunusbahn (TSB) of the Hochtaunuskreis followed as a T-Bahn and the Niddertalbahn as an N-Bahn .
Shareholder
The two founding shareholders were Stadtwerke Frankfurt as the operator of the underground , trams and the urban bus network, as well as the Deutsche Bundesbahn as operator of the former R-Bahn , 14 suburban railway lines , some of which were gradually converted to S-Bahn operations from 1978 and from rail buses. In 1987 the group of shareholders was expanded to include Frankfurt-Königsteiner Eisenbahn AG, and in 1993 the Taunus and Niddertalbahn operators followed.
Network area
According to the shareholder structure, the network area comprised the city of Frankfurt, all railway lines from Frankfurt to Wiesbaden, Niedernhausen, Bad Soden, Kronberg, Friedrichsdorf, Friedberg, Hanau, Ober-Roden (today Rödermark), Dietzenbach (later closed), Darmstadt and Goddelau-Erfelden ( today Riedstadt), but only the local trains or the later S-Bahn as well as the railway bus lines within this area. With the addition of further shareholders, the route network and thus the area of validity of the tickets also increased. The FVV was thus much smaller than today's RMV, and two tickets were regularly required for transferring passengers in places outside Frankfurt.
Association tariff
With the start of operation of the FVV, the multi-trip tickets that were previously on offer at Stadtwerke Frankfurt were abolished and all tickets had to be purchased from one of the blue machines or from the bus driver immediately before starting the journey. There were only validators in the trams that went to Offenbach, where the network tariff did not apply and Offenbach tickets had to be validated.
When it was founded, the tariffs for single tickets and season tickets differed significantly. The single tickets were divided into tariff zones 1 (city of Frankfurt) and 2 (nearer area) as well as into route sections 1 and 2 and thus overall quite clear, even if there are other price levels, for example from the eastern edge in Hanau to the western edge in Wiesbaden there were 61 tariff zones and 99 price levels in the season ticket tariff. The so-called repetition advantage made this system even more difficult to understand. The association's season ticket tariff was therefore fundamentally changed in 1989.
The new system consisted - similar to the single tickets - of 4 zones, which were symbolized by different colors. Viewed from Frankfurt, Frankfurt itself was yellow, followed by zone 2 in green, followed by sections 3 (red) and 4 (blue). The colors in turn indicated the price level to be paid, whereby the price could not be higher than the color blue for 4 zones due to the "repetition advantage". From the edge of the network area beyond Frankfurt, however, the price could be higher, for which there were also other colors (e.g. brown).
In the interests of customers, there were recognition rules for the successor RMV at the end of the validity of the network tariff; season tickets that were still valid could continue to be used within their previous area of validity until the end of their validity.
Cooperation with other associations
Since the beginning of the 1990s, monthly and annual tickets of the VMW have been recognized in the S-Bahn as well as the local and express trains of the Deutsche Bundesbahn between Wiesbaden Hbf and Mainz-Kastel as well as Wiesbaden Hbf and Mainz Süd (today Mainz Römisches Theater).
Offenbach special case
Since the city of Offenbach did not join the FVV, Offenbach could only be reached with FVV tickets by train or train bus (later VU). When using the tram line 16 from Frankfurt - Offenbach and the bus line 46 Frankfurt - Offenbach beyond the city limits, two tickets had to be purchased: one for the area of the FVV and one for the area of the Offenbach public utilities (today: OVB). Offenbach ticket machines were available at Frankfurt Südbahnhof, Buchrainplatz and at the city limits, but the tickets purchased had to be validated on the trams, and they could also be purchased from the driver from the last stop before the city limits on August-Bebel-Ring.
The fact that the network maps for the Offenbach city area only showed the bus routes of the respective tariff (FVV or Stadtwerke Offenbach), although some of them went to the same stops, caused irritation.
resolution
As part of the privatization of the former Deutsche Bundesbahn and the transfer of competencies for local public rail transport from the federal government to the federal states (through the Regionalization Act ), the legal situation changed fundamentally. The state of Hesse created transport associations for its area that perform the state tasks for their area. With that the FVV had lost its meaning and its right to exist. On May 28, 1995, the Rhein-Main-Verkehrsverbund replaced the FVV.
Specialty
With its replacement, the FVV became obsolete, in contrast to other transport associations in the area of its successor RMV (such as the Mainz-Wiesbaden transport association ), which were only integrated into the RMV in terms of tariffs at the same time, but continue to perform tasks as coordinators of the transport companies involved.
executive Director
Klaus Daumann was the managing director of the FVV from the time it was founded until shortly before it was dissolved (he retired in 1994 at the age of 57) .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Daumann retires FVV managing director follows medical advice / in office since 1973; in: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, August 9, 1994, No. 183, p. 27