Peace of Amiens
The Peace of Amiens was signed on March 25 and 27, 1802 in Amiens in northern France between Great Britain on the one hand and Napoleonic France , Spain and the Batavian Republic on the other. He thus finally ended the Second Coalition War after the British coalition partners Austria and the Holy Roman Empire had left it in the Peace of Lunéville in 1801 .
According to the Peace of Amiens, Great Britain was to return all colonial conquests except Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) and Trinidad to France and Malta to the Order of Malta , which should be subject to a permanent neutrality guaranteed by all European great powers . France should evacuate Egypt, Naples and the Papal States. The inviolability of the Ottoman Empire was guaranteed. France was de facto the winner and thus fared significantly better. In the long term, however , the peace could not hold because Napoleon failed to conclude a trade treaty with Great Britain; d. This means that all restrictions that had applied during the war continued to apply. None of the provisions of the treaty were fully complied with, and from May 18, 1803, disputes broke out again.
Thus the peace lasted only thirteen months and three weeks. During this time, British tourists flocked to the continent. According to Christopher Herold, by September 1802 there were ten thousand British people in Paris alone , and in the flourishing salons of the great ladies people spoke again to madame instead of burgher. The contract was signed by the first consul Napoléon Bonaparte and Joseph Bonaparte for France, Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck for the Batavian Republic, José Nicolás de Azara for Spain and Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis for Great Britain.
