Frieze carpet
Frieze carpet is a type of carpet that is made from heavily crimped yarn . The English name California cable or Short shag is often used for this type of carpet. The Frieze carpet belongs to the category of cut pile carpets (cut pile) and is particularly characterized by its interesting visual appearance and its long lifespan.
Appearance
A typical Frieze carpet has an unmistakable external appearance. The individual yarns that make up the carpet are completely individual and tend to lay in different directions on the carpet surface. In contrast to many other carpets , the tufts of yarn are not tightly compressed, but airy to each other, so that you basically walk on the sides of the yarn instead of the ends of the yarn heads, as is often the case. This creates an inhomogeneous and very informal design that gives the Frieze rug its characteristic look. Due to the high twist of the yarn, complex patterns or designs are rarely found in Frieze carpets, as the yarn twist prevents a permanently constant surface structure from existing. However, this is intentional, as it is precisely the constant transformation that makes the Frieze carpet so attractive. However, elementary and simple patterns can also be implemented in Frieze carpets. In order to create more structure in Frieze carpets, many manufacturers use complementary, multicolored yarns and thus achieve very nuanced and visually appealing carpets. There are generally no limits to the color scheme and Frieze carpets can be found in a wide variety of colors, although there is an obvious trend towards earthy tones in consumer preferences.
Manufacturing
For Frieze carpets, a high twist must first be created in the yarn. To understand how this happens one has to go back to the primary step of making carpet. Carpets are mostly made from man-made fibers. These man-made fibers are made from plastic granulate, which is melted, evened out and transported on in extruders until, after a few further intermediate steps, it is pressed through small, extremely fine spinning nozzles, where filaments are then created. To give the filaments cohesion , they are twisted on twisting machines by twisting them around each other. The twist that was then given to the yarn is specified in T / m, i.e. as the twist of the thread per meter. Genuine Frieze yarn has a high twist in the yarn, which is around 7 to 9 turns per inch. In comparison, most other carpet styles have a lower twist of around 3.5 to 5 twists per inch. In the case of carpet yarns, a stuffer box is used to create the frieze. Stuffer boxes such as the Twinrollbox (TRB) are the most common method of frieze production today. In the stuffer box, the yarn is deformed using special techniques so that the frieze typical frieze is created. After shaping by the stuffer box, the frieze is fixed in a yarn finishing system in a complex heatsetting process so that its shape is retained. Yarns that have been treated by a stuffer box like the TRB, but do not originally have a high twist, are called textured yarn or often English. textured yarn. If the yarn is not crimped, it is called a straight . Yarns with a pile height of more than three centimeters are known as shaggy.
Use and possible uses
In the textile industry, a basic distinction is made between two different sales markets in the carpet sector: the wholesale ( commercial market ) and retail ( residential market ). The first includes all commercial and public customers, such as companies, airports, offices, schools or hospitals. The latter, on the other hand, focuses on private consumers in houses and apartments.
Since Frieze carpets are particularly recommended for use in areas where there is a lot of foot traffic and there is a high frequency of people, they are particularly suitable for the commercial market. The physical properties of the Frieze carpet make it ideal for intensive use. The already mentioned high twist of the yarn ensures that the carpets do not soon flatten and do not get a dull appearance. Because of the inhomogeneity of Frieze carpets, the inevitable dirt and footprints that occur in heavily frequented places are also less visible. Since Frieze carpets are very often made of polyamide fibers , they are extremely resistant and durable. Polyamide fibers enable good resilience, high cleaning efficiency, good abrasion resistance and are both very dirt-repellent and, after special treatment, also fire-resistant.
These physical advantages, but above all the visually fascinating style of Frieze carpets, have made it an extremely popular carpet in the private sector. In the private sector, Frieze carpets are often made a little looser and longer, and the high twist of the yarn ensures a very pleasant feeling under bare feet. This luxurious, informal and sensual aura of the carpet made it very popular from the 1990s, starting in California, and especially in the 21st century the Frieze carpet is experiencing a renewed renaissance . “Frieze is to carpet as jazz is to music” can be read in a manufacturer's marketing campaign.
Analogies
A modern legend has it that the term friezes is derived from the dog breed Bichon Frisé . This may be because Frieze rugs look like the ruffled fur of this breed of dog. The breed became very popular in France in the 1930s. Her name means something like curled lap dog. The dog breed and the carpet only share the same word meaning, so they are otherwise not related to each other. The French word frisé means something like curly or curly and was therefore probably chosen as the name for the ruffled carpet.
literature
- Celanese Acetate LLC (Ed.): Complete Textile Glossary. 2001, p. 29 ( PDF )
- Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training, Berlin (Ed.): Assessment features of textile fibers. Volume 1–4, In: Course for Vocational Education. W.Bertelsmann Verlag KG, Bielefeld 1986.
- Franz Fourné: Synthetic fibers: production, machines and apparatus, properties. Plant design, machine design and operation manual . Hanser reference book, 1995, ISBN 3-446-16058-2 .
- Hans-J. Koslowski: Chemical fiber lexicon: terms - numbers - trade names . Deutscher Fachverlag, 2008, ISBN 3-87150-876-4 .
- Hanʼguk Munye Haksul Chŏjakkwŏn Hyŏphoe: Dictionary of fiber & textile technology. 7th edition. KoSa, Charlotte NC 1999, ISBN 978-0-9670071-0-6 .