Frying
Fritigern (* first half of the 4th century; † around 382) was a Terwingian Reiks and general.
The Terwingian Gothic Empire ( Gutþiuda ) was divided into so-called Kunja (singular Kuni , "gender, allegiance"), which were led by a Reiks ( Gothic "ruler"). In times of crisis, a Reiks was elected head of the empire (Latin iudex "judge"). This office was held by 375 Athanaric before the Huns invaded . The Kuni of Fritigern is located west of the Prut .
Fritigern was an Arian and an opponent of Athanaric. After the defeat of the Goths on the Danube by the Huns , Fritigern led the majority of Terwingen in 376 to the Roman Empire , with Emperor Valens granting the Visigoths settlement area in Thrace and Smyrna . Due to the poor supply of the Goths, however, the Gothic War soon broke out . Fritigern defeated Valens on August 9th, 378 in the catastrophic battle of Adrianople for the Romans , in which part of the Roman field army in the east was also destroyed. The Goths could not use this victory, with which the historian Ammianus Marcellinus ended his historical work. Then there was fighting with the Romans under Theodosius I . He concluded a contract ( foedus ) with the Goths in 382 , whereby the name Fritigern no longer appears, which means that it can be assumed that he had already died or no longer played a role.
Its Gothic name is not clearly documented. In research, Fritigern is sometimes equated with the Friþareiks mentioned in the Gothic calendar fragment . Accordingly, his name would correspond to the German name Friedrich . According to this calendar, his feast day was October 23.
In the Walhalla memorial , which was built in the 19th century, memorial plaque No. 7 was erected for peaceful people .
swell
- Ammianus Marcellinus Res gestae 31,3-16
- Socrates Scholastikos Historia ecclesiastica IV, 33.1–4
- Sozomenos Historia ecclesiastica VI, 37, 6f u. 12
- Jordanes Getica 134-140
- Philostorgios Historia ecclesiastica 9.17
- Zosimos Historia nova IV, 34.2
See also: Analecta Bollandiana 31 (1912), pp. 211-212
literature
- Frankäbüttel : Germanic rulers. From Arminius to Theodoric. Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 2007, ISBN 3-53-418250-2 , pp. 62–72
- Robert Malcolm Errington : Theodosius and the Goths. In: Chiron 26 (1996), pp. 1-27
- Peter J. Heather : Goths and Romans 332-489 . Oxford 1991, pp. 84-192.
- Ulrich Wanke: The Goth Wars of Valens. Studies on topography and chronology in the lower Danube region from 366 to 378 AD Lang, Frankfurt a. M. et al. 1990, ISBN 3-631-42396-9
- Herwig Wolfram : Fritigern, § 2 (historical). In: Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde (RGA). 2nd Edition. Volume 10, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1998, ISBN 3-11-015102-2 , pp. 84-87.
- Herwig Wolfram: The Goths. From the beginning to the middle of the 6th century. Draft of a historical ethnography. 4th edition. Beck, Munich 2001, ISBN 3-406-33733-3 , pp. 125-145.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Cf. Herwig Wolfram: Die Goten: From the beginnings to the middle of the 6th century , p. 105 ff.
- ↑ Ammianus Marcellinus (27,5,9) calls Athanaric a iudex gentis , "judge of the people", Gothic kindins .
- ↑ Herwig Wolfram: The Goths. From the beginning to the middle of the 6th century , p. 105.
- ↑ http://www.wulfila.be/gothic/text/minora/Kalender.html
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Frying |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | More peaceful |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Terwingian judge and general |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 4th century |
| DATE OF DEATH | at 382 |