Mixer feeders
A fodder mixer is an agricultural vehicle with facilities for comminuting and mixing various types of feed (basic and concentrated feed types such as silage , crushed grain , beet , concentrated feed, etc.). By giving chopped up and mixed feed, it should be made impossible for the cattle to select and only eat individual feed components. Mixer feeders are regularly used in PMR and TMR feeding systems .
variants
Mixer feeders are available in different designs. A basic distinction must be made between PTO-driven machines pulled by the tractor and self-propelled models. The self-propelled facilities also include automatically guided facilities that are located in the stable, e.g. B. move as induction loop or rail-mounted mixer feeders and are equipped with their own motor.
Both variants, trailed and self-propelled mixer feeders, are common both as third-party and self-filling. External loading must be filled with a charger such as a tractor with a front loader , wheel loader , telescopic loader or similar. Self-fillers, on the other hand, have a device with which the feed can be loaded into the mixing container without an additional charger. Milling machines, cutting shields or a block cutter integrated in the vehicle are used for this purpose. External filling is also possible with self-filling mixer wagons.
Furthermore, the following types of mixing technology can be distinguished:
- With vertical screw mixers , the feed is cut and mixed by one or more standing screws . The discharge of the mixed feed can be adjusted to the right and / or left or to the rear using hydraulically operated slides. The market share of this variant is currently over 75 percent in Germany.
- With horizontal screw mixers, the feed is mixed by up to four horizontal screws.
- With free-fall mixers ( paddle, reel , or bar mixers, mixers with a rotating mixing chain and mixing turbines ) the feed is only slightly chopped up and mixed above all over rotating parts using falling movements. They are particularly kind to the food.
The standard discharge is by rotating the mixing tools through a side opening. In order not to run over the feed and thus keep it loose, there are conveyor belts that deposit the feed next to the lane of the feed mixer. With newer designs, the feed is sometimes discharged using a centrifugal wheel (often incorrectly called a fan in technical terms). This requires a lot of driving power, but is also able to distribute straw as litter.
Many feed mixer wagons are equipped with scales so that the animals can be presented with rations with constant proportions of the various feed components.
The dimensions of the feed mixer are based on the size of the livestock to be fed, around 5 cows can be fed per m³ container.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b cf. Georg Wendl: Feeding technology for dairy farming. (PDF; 1.4 MB) Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Animal Husbandry, Bayerische Landesanstalt für Landwirtschaft Weihenstephan - Grub, March 19, 2008, accessed on October 21, 2010 .
- ↑ cf. Jenifer Van der Maas, Ruedi Jakob, Helmut Ammann, Matthias Schick: Mobile feeding systems. The use of the feed mixer. (PDF) (No longer available online.) In: FAT Reports No. 522. Swiss Federal Research Center for Agriculture and Technology (FAT), 1998, formerly in the original ; Retrieved October 22, 2010 . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Horst Eichhorn (editor), Landtechnik, 7th edition, Ulmer, Stuttgart, 1952, 1999, ISBN 3-8001-1086-5 , p. 468.
