Galoter method
The Galoter process is one of the processes for the extraction of shale oil , which was developed for the exploitation of the oil shale deposits at Narva . It was developed in the 1940s and is still in use today (or its modifications TSK , UTT , SHC , Enefit and Petroter ). The process produces heat, shale oil, and oil shale gas.
history
In 1944, research on pyrolysis processes began under Israel Galynker at the GM Krschischanowski Institute for Energy Technology . In 1947 a pilot plant was built in Tallinn . In 1953 and 1963 the first commercial plants with a capacity of 2000 and 5000 tons were put into operation at Kiwiyli . In 1980, the process of was Atomenergoexport the Narva power plant put into operation.
The Enefit process was developed together with Outotec and the Petroter process with the Viru Keemia Grupp . In 2013, a test facility was opened in Frankfurt am Main .
Procedure
The oil shale is ground to a grain size of less than 25 mm and then dried with hot air on a fluidized bed dryer. The particles, which have been preheated to 135 ° C., are then separated using a centrifugal separator . These are now mixed with the 800 ° C hot combustion residues from the incineration of the slate that has already been exploited. The ratio of hot ash to oil shale is around 3: 1. The mixture is then placed in a rotary kiln with a lack of oxygen and kept at a temperature of 520 ° C. so that pyrolysis takes place. The pyrolysis gases are condensed and rectified . The used slate is burned in another furnace to produce ash. The cleaned gases are used for drying.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b The Unique Experience of Oil Shale Utilization at Narva Power Plants (NPP) ( Memento of the original from February 25, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Estonia's Eesti Energia opens pilot plant in Frankfurt
- ↑ unknown: Current status of oil shale processing in solid heat carrier UTT (Galoter) retorts in Estonia . In: Fuel and Energy Abstracts . tape 43 , no. 3 , May 2002, p. 175 , doi : 10.1016 / s0140-6701 (02) 85629-6 ( PDF ).
