Gammaridea

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Gammaridea
Atylus falcatus (Dexaminidae) from the North Sea

Atylus falcatus (Dexaminidae) from the North Sea

Systematics
Sub-stem : Crustaceans (Crustacea)
Class : Higher crabs (Malacostraca)
Subclass : Eumalacostraca
Superordinate : Satchel Shrimp (Peracarida)
Order : Flea crabs (Amphipoda)
Subordination : Gammaridea
Scientific name
Gammaridea
Latreille , 1802

The Gammaridea are a suborder of the amphipods . Make with about 4000 species , the second largest group of around 9500 known flea cancers. Most freshwater species, including the native freshwater shrimp from the family of Gammaridae and the widespread North American Mexican shrimp from the family of Hyalellidae , but do not belong more to this Group. These were combined with some other families of the Gammaridea and all species that had previously been assigned to the suborders Corophiidea and Caprellidea in the newly established suborder Senticaudata in 2013 .

distribution

The Gammaridea are common worldwide. Most families live in the ocean, from the Arctic and Antarctic to equatorial latitudes. Most of them are ground dwellers , but some can also be found in zooplankton. They occur on the coasts up to the supralitoral of the beaches, but many new species have also been discovered in the deep sea .

nutrition

The Gammaridea feed mostly on detritus, that is, plant and animal remains that sink to the ground. But there are also predatory forms in the zooplankton that feed on salps and copepods . Others have sucking mouthparts with which they live semi-parasitically or as commensals with salps. These include the families Stenothoidae , Leucothoidae and Dexaminidae .

Way of life

The species of the Ampeliscidae family build tubular caves with the help of secretory glands that glue the solid building material together. The glands are located on the first two pairs of their pereiopods or as cuticular glands on the body surface. They use their specially developed antennas for filtering.

The species of Phoxocephalidae and Haustoriidae use their limbs to dig in the sediment. Some of them digest the detritus-rich sludge and utilize the organic material it contains.

Familys

Ampelisca brevicornis (Ampeliscidae)
Amphilochus manudens (Amphilochidae)
Leucothoe incisa (Leucothoidae)
Pontocrates altamarinus (Oedicerotidae)
Stenothoe marina (Stenothoidae)
Urothoe brevicornis (Urothoidae)
Lepidepecreus longicorne (Lysianassidae)
Hirondellea gigas (Uristidae)
Bathyporeia sarsi (Pontoporeiidae)

The system of the Gammaridea is often subject to revisions. In particular, the grouping and amalgamation of families in superfamilies varies.

As of April 1, 2014

Superfamilies have already been set up for some families:

Individual evidence

  1. ^ T. Horton, J. Lowry, J. & C. De Broyer (Eds.): Introduction , World Amphipoda Database, 2013, accessed April 2, 2014
  2. ↑ James K. Lowry & Alan A. Myers: A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Zootaxa, 3610, 1, pp. 1-80, 2013
  3. ^ C. De Broyer: Gammaridea . In: T. Horton, J. Lowry & C. De Broyer: World Amphipoda Database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS), 2013, accessed April 3, 2014

literature

  • Jerry Laurens Barnard : The Families and Genera of Marine Gammaridean Amphipoda. US National Museum Bulletin, No. 271, 1969. Reprint in: Crustaceana, Volume 43, No. 2, 1982
  • J. Laurens Barnard: Gammaridean Amphipoda from a Deep-Sea Transect off Oregon. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, No. 61, 1971 Online version (PDF; 3.4 MB)
  • EL Bousfield: A new look at the systematics of Gammaridean amphipods of the world. Crustaceana, Suppl. 4, pp. 282-316, 1977
  • Jean-Claude Dauvin and Denise Bellan-Santini: Biodiversity and the biogeographic relationships of the Amphipoda: Gammaridea on the French coastline. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, Vol. 84, No. 3, pp. 621-628, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2004
  • Ignacio L. Chiesa and Gloria M. Alonso: Biodiversity of the Gammaridea and Corophiidea (Crustacea: Amphipoda) from the Beagle Channel and the Straits of Magellan: a preliminary comparison between their faunas. Online version (PDF; 288 kB)
  • TK Crosby, GD Fenwick, BE Rhode: Specimen information for NZAC terrestrial and freshwater amphipods (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Gammaridea) . Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research, New Zealand, 2007 online list

Web links

Commons : Gammaridea  - collection of images, videos and audio files
  • C. De Broyer: Gammaridea . In: T. Horton, J. Lowry & C. De Broyer: World Amphipoda Database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS), 2013, accessed April 3, 2014
  • The suborder "Gammaridea" of the amphipods. In: Fauna Europaea Database. European Commission under the Fifth Framework Program, accessed on February 27, 2010 .