Gas reserve
A gas reserve is the state-controlled storage of natural gas in gas storage facilities .
As with the strategic oil reserve , the aim of creating a gas reserve is to make the national energy supply independent of short-term supply bottlenecks in the event of economic or political crises. Gas reserves are set by law in many European countries.
Germany
In Germany there is currently a gas reserve voluntarily created by gas suppliers , around 20 billion cubic meters of natural gas are stored in 44 cavern storage facilities and other underground storage facilities in Germany . This corresponds to around one sixth of the annual consumption of 120 billion cubic meters in 2006. In the event of delivery interruptions, the gas supply is guaranteed for several weeks.
In autumn 2008 the legal framework for establishing a national gas reserve was discussed.
Austria
In Austria there are currently (mid-2018) nine gas storage facilities with around 8 billion cubic meters, which are located in Marchfeld in Lower Austria , near Steyr in Upper Austria and in the Salzburg / Upper Austria border region and - with the exception of the gas storage facility in Haidach - by Trans-Austria -Gas pipeline (TAG) and its side branches are connected. Haidach (storage capacity approx. 2.64 billion m³) is only connected to the German natural gas network. At favorable times, imports and nationally extracted gas are returned to these extracted natural gas reservoirs. The annual requirement in Austria is 8.3 billion m³ (whereby in 2008 about 40% of Gazprom comes from Russia, whose conflict with Ukraine repeatedly triggered gas crises in Europe as well). Austria thus has the option of storing around the entire annual gas supply and is therefore the EU's front runner in terms of storage in relation to consumption.
According to E-Control , the gas reserves directly connected to the Austrian gas network are sufficient for around 70% of the total annual requirement (households and industry).
The natural gas storage facilities , including those of Austria's gas reserves, are state property ; the rights of use are transferred to the operators of the gas storage facilities in return for storage interest, with the condition that they are used and exploited as effectively and sustainably as possible.
numbers
Natural gas supply (all figures in billions of cubic meters)
| Country | Annual consumption | Gas reserve | Reserve rate |
|---|---|---|---|
| United States | 778.6 | 110.6 | 14.2% |
| Russia | 437.9 | 93.5 | 21.4% |
| Ukraine | 31.9 | ||
| Germany | 101.5 | 20th | 19.7% |
| Italy | 64.5 | 16.7 | 25.9% |
| Canada | 99.9 | 16.4 | 16.4% |
| France | 11.9 | ||
| Austria | 8th | 4th | 50% |
| Great Britain | 81.4 | 3.7 | 4.5% |
Individual evidence
- ↑ Article from August 29, 2008 on faz.net
- ↑ Extraction and processing of natural gas. (PDF) RWE
- ↑ dpa article, January 7, 2009 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Die Welt: Debate about the supply of natural gas , September 20, 2008
- ↑ RAG gas storage facility in Austria (PDF) accessed on August 9, 2018.
- ↑ OMV natural gas storage facility , accessed on August 9, 2018.
- ↑ E-Control statistics brochure for 2017 (PDF) E-Control website, accessed on August 9, 2018.
- ↑ Russia turns off the gas . In: Salzburger Nachrichten . January 7, 2009, Wirtschaft, p. 13 .
- ↑ Austria is waiting for the EU / Real alternatives to natural gas are rare . In: Salzburger Nachrichten . January 8, 2009, Wirtschaft, p. 13/14 .
- ↑ Natural gas storage facility in Austria E-Control website, accessed on August 9, 2018.
- ↑ Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR): BGR Energy Study 2017, December 2017, accessed on May 31, 2020 .
- ^ Sedlacek: Underground gas storage in Germany. 2009
