Gaudiya Vaishnava

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Gaudiya Vaishnavas means “Bengali Vaishnavas ” in Sanskrit and denotes one of the lines of the four Vishnuit schools within Hinduism . It is one of Bengal native, missionary occurring manifestation of Vishnu -Frömmigkeit (Vishnu Bhakti ) , which refer to Krishna concentrated as the highest incarnation of Vishnu or God, and great importance to the community singing of mantras such as the Hare Krishna mantra sets . The founder of the Gaudiya Vaishnava teaching is the Hindu mystic Chaitanya .

features

The greatest unique selling point of the Gaudiya Vaishnavas compared to other Vishnuit schools is the Rasa theology. This was worked out by Rupa Goswami in the 16th century of our time and recorded in his written work Bhakti-rasamrita-sindhu. The theology of Rasa (emotional taste) puts the almighty aspect of God in the background in favor of his human side and regards an immediate relationship with God as a friend, parent or lover as desirable, while it classifies an awesome but distant relationship with God as subordinate. According to Rupa Goswami, there are five main rasas that are reflected in five corresponding relationships with God

These are:

  • Love in silence (without expression in action) ( santi-rasa )
  • loving service ( priti-rasa )
  • Friendship ( sakhya-rasa )
  • parental love ( vatsalya-rasa )
  • conjugal love ( madhura-rasa )

Although seemingly worldly, these relationships are in no way to be equated with conventional relationships, since, in contrast to these, they are not based on the false identification of the self with the body, but can only be achieved if one has its original spiritual form (svarupa) as an eternal particle of God recognized. Rasa theology also gives rise to the unique position of Krishna in relation to Narayana ( Vishnu ).

  • According to the belief of the Gaudiya Vaishnavas, Krishna is the emitter of all avatars (Avatari). Vishnu is nevertheless not to be seen as different from Krishna and it is therefore not wrong to call him the eighth Avatar of Vishnu.
  • Krishna is considered to be "the highest form of God" ( Sanskrit : puroshottama) , since he represents the shape of all transcendent love relationships . Other "forms of himself" such as Narayana- Vishnu manifest only part of Krishna's abundance of relationship possibilities. Narayana-Vishnu is still not considered different from Krishna, but is subordinate to him in the possible relationships.
  • Other forms of the divine such as Shiva , Brahma or Indra are regarded as devas , "gods serving God" or demigods and subordinate to Krishna .
  • Krishna's eternal lover, Radha , is considered to be his divine consort and the embodiment of the highest divine love.
  • The highest connection between God and soul is the relationship, which is similar to that of lover and beloved. The Gaudiya Vaishnava generally strives to put himself in the mood of the cowherdesses ( Gopis ) of Vrindavan , who are given in perfect love to the divine Radha-Krishna couple.

The teachings of Gaudiya Vaishnava are in tension with Advaita Vedanta . The founder of the Gaudiya Vaishnava tradition is Chaitanya , who is in the line of the Brahma Madhva school. Important representatives are Bhaktivinoda Thakura and Bhaktisiddhanta Saraswati Prabhupada , on whose teachings z. B. In addition to many other branches, ISKCON is also appointed.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ This mantra is already mentioned in the Ananta-samhita , a section of the Narada-Pancaratra .
  2. ↑ a b Lutjeharms, R. (2014b). AESTHETICS: An Ocean of Emotion: Rasa and Religious Experience in Early Caitanya Vaishnava Thought. In RM Gupta (Ed.), Caitanya Vaisnava Philosophy (175-226). Surrey, England: Achgate Publishing Limited.
  3. ↑ a b In one of the most important writings of Gaudiya Vaishnavas, the Chaitanya Charitamrita , it says: Some say that Krishna is Nara-Narayana and others think that he is directly Vamana . Some say that Krishna is the avatar of Kshirodakashayi-Vishnu. None of these opinions is impossible, each is as right as the other. Some call him Hari or Narayana of the transcendent world. Each of these possibilities is in Krishna because he is the avatari, the origin of all avatars. (I.2.113-115)
  4. ↑ Siddhantatas tv abhede 'pi srisa-krsnasvarupayoh, rasenotkrsyate krsnarupam esa rasa-sthitih (Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu February 1, 1959).

See also

Web links

  • wva-vvrs.org - Official website of the World Vaishnava Association (WVA)