Gauheilanstalt Tiegenhof

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The former Tiegenhof Gauheilanstalt (main building)
Seal mark

The Tiegenhof Gauheilanstalt was located in Gnesen , today Gniezno , around 50 km east of Posen , in the Dziekanka settlement (German Dean's Office , called Tiegenhof from 1939 to 1945 ). Today there is a mental hospital (Wojewódzki Szpital dla Nerwowo i Psychicznie chorych Dziekanka).

history

Gnesen was alternately Prussian or Polish in its history. In 1894 the Dziekanka Provincial Insane Asylum (later also the Gnesen Psychiatric Sanatorium ) was established in the Gnesen district . Gniezno became Polish in 1920 due to the Treaty of Versailles .

After the invasion of Poland , Gnesen became part of the German military district of Posen on September 11, 1939, and incorporated into the German Reich on October 26, 1939 . From then on it belonged to the Reichsgau Posen , later Wartheland and the administrative district Hohensalza . The institution was renamed Gauheilanstalt Tiegenhof . The director Victor Ratka collaborated with the German occupiers and remained in office.

Initially, over 1200 Polish prison inmates were murdered in gas vans by the Lange Sonderkommando .

After the end of these murders , from the end of 1941 prison inmates were transferred from the German Reich to Tiegenhof, where they were murdered by depriving them of food and giving deadly drug cocktails. On July 26, 1941, 547 people were deported to Tiegenhof.

A “ children's department ” was also set up in the house. Their medical director was Walter Kipper

The total number of those killed is put at 3586. Erna Kronshage (1922–1944) was one of the victims .

In January 1945 the city was occupied by the Red Army and came back to Poland after the end of the Second World War .

The clinic still exists today.

See also

literature

  • Enno Schwanke: The Tiegenhof psychiatric institution. The National Socialist “ euthanasia ” from a regional perspective. Berlin 2013 (Master thesis FU Berlin ).
  • Dziekanka Provincial Insane Asylum. Report on the provincial insane asylum Dziekanka near Gnesen. Reports: October 1, 1894 through March 1895 (through March 1899). Five annual reports in one volume. With 12 partly folded plans and tables. Gnesen, 1894. Management: Dr. Kayser.

Web links

Commons : Psychiatric hospital in Gniezno  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ SP ZOZ Wojewódzki Szpital dla Nerwowo i Psychicznie chorych "Dziekanka"
  2. ↑ Transport lists
  3. ^ Ernst Klee: The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich. Frankfurt am Main 2007, p. 310.
  4. ^ Lutz Kaelber, Associate Professor of Sociology, University of Vermont, Children's Department ("Special Children's Wards"): Sites of Nazi "Children's 'Euthanasia'" Crimes and Their Commemoration in Europe
  5. ↑ Report on someone who died in Tiegenhof
  6. ↑ Inventory of the Federal Archives "Sources on the History of Euthanasia Crimes"
  7. ^ Tiegenhof Children's Department , University of Vermont, accessed October 10, 2015
  8. ↑ Marian Drogowski: HISTORIA, Okres okupacji hitlerowskiej 09/11/1939-21/01/1945 (Polish, on the website of today's hospital) ( Memento of the original from August 14, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.dziekanka.net

Coordinates: 52 ° 31 ′ 55.7 "  N , 17 ° 34 ′ 39.1"  E