frailty

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Classification according to ICD-10
R54 Senility: old age, old age, senescence

Note: There is a proposal to rename this category to Frailty , but this has not yet been implemented.

ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019)
A walker in a senior citizen's apartment

As frailty , and frailty syndrome ( Engl. Frailty =, frailty ') called a chronic age-related diminished capacity is referred to at a reduced power state. A major research initiative defined frailty in 2016 as an “age-related syndrome, which is characterized by reduced physiological reserve and reduced resistance to stressors as a result of the functional degradation of several physiological systems, which is associated with an increased risk of disability, hospitalization and death”.

Definition and description

Frailty is not a disease , but a complex syndrome that occurs in association with the age of a patient, but cannot be explained solely by age. According to a proposal from 2006, frailty is the result of the natural aging process , combined with diagnosable organ and functional disorders, which in total lead to increased diagnostic, nursing and therapeutic measures. If three or more of the following factors are present in a patient of advanced age, one speaks of frailty syndrome:

  • involuntary weight loss (over 10% in one year or more than 5% in six months)
  • Objectified muscle weakness (determined for example by measuring hand strength)
  • subjective exhaustion (mental, emotional, physical)
  • Immobility, instability, unsteadiness to walk and stand with a tendency to fall
  • reduced physical activity (with regard to basic and / or instrumental everyday activities)

If only two of these criteria are met, one speaks of prefrailty syndrome .

Sarcopenia (muscle breakdown), osteoporosis (bone loss), muscle hypotonia (muscle weakness) and fatigue are directly associated with frailty . One consequence of frailty is, for example, an increased risk of femoral neck fractures ("femoral neck fracture") in older patients.

further reading

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Criteria for delimiting geriatrics. Version 1.3 ( Memento of the original from April 21, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 294 kB) from February 29, 2004  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.dggg-online.de
  2. ↑ a b Form for suggestions for the ICD-10 and the OPS. ( Memento of the original from July 19, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 60 kB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.dimdi.de
  3. ↑ DRG competence team • Geriatrics. Accessed on December 20, 2009
  4. ↑ JD Erusalimsky u. a .: In search of 'Omics'-based biomarkers to predict risk of frailty and its consequences in older indiviuals: The FRAILOMIC Initiative. In: Gerontology. Volume 62, 2016, pp. 182-190.
  5. ↑ Giuseppe Lippi: There is no generally accepted definition. In: Deutsches Ärzteblatt. Volume 116, Issue 29 f., (July 22) 2019, p. 505.
  6. ^ H. Ackermann: Frailty - a geriatric syndrome. , in "Bremer Ärztejournal" 9, 2009, p. 5.
  7. ↑ German initiative against falling and frailty: DISG platform  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved December 20, 2009@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.disg-initiative.de