Yellow-bellied green pigeon
| Yellow-bellied green pigeon | ||||||||||
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Yellow-bellied green pigeon |
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| Treron oxyura | ||||||||||
| ( Temminck , 1823) |
The yellow-bellied green pigeon ( Treron oxyura ), also known as the green pigeon , is a species of pigeon birds. It occurs in Southeast Asia.
The population of the yellow-bellied green pigeon is indicated by the IUCN as near threatened .
Appearance
The yellow-bellied green pigeon reaches a body length of 32 centimeters. It is a medium-sized, compactly built pigeon that is about the size of a laughing pigeon . The tail accounts for between 10.2 and 11.9 centimeters. The beak is between 1.8 and 2.1 inches long. The gender dimorphism is low.
Appearance of the male
In the male, the wax skin of the beak and the reins are featherless. The forehead looks steep due to the featherless wax skin. The front of the head to the nape of the neck is bright olive green and turns into a dark green in the nape of the neck, on the coat and on the small wing covers, which has an individually different proportion of gray. The outer large wing-covers are blackish with a greenish tone on the outer flags. The arm wings are black with gray-green hems on the outer flags. The wings of the hand are completely black. The back and the upper tail-coverts are dark green. The tail is stepped wedge-shaped, the central control feathers are noticeably elongated. A wide gray end band runs on the underside.
The chin and throat are greenish yellow, the ear covers are olive colored. The breast is olive colored with an orange overlay. The belly is bright olive green, the rump and the thighs are sulfur yellow, however many feathers of the thighs are dashed dark. The short under tail-coverts have yellow outside flags and brown inside flags.
The iris is mauve to orange with a blue inner ring. The featherless orbital ring is pale green to turquoise. The wax skin and the base of the beak are turquoise to apple green, the tip of the beak is bluish horn-colored. The feet are bright red.
Appearance of the females
The females are similar to the males, but the rear neck and coat are devoid of any shade of gray. The orange overlay is weaker or absent on the chest. The under tail-coverts are more yellow, they usually lack any shade of brown. The middle pair of control feathers tends to be shorter than that of the males.
Young birds are colored like the females, but the tail end is still rounded.
Possible confusion
In the distribution area of the yellow-bellied green pigeon, there is only one species of green pigeon with which it can be confused. In the wedge-tailed green pigeon , the end of the extended central control feathers is rounded. The under tail coverts are very long and sometimes reach to the end of the tail feathers. The reins are feathered. The elytra have striking yellow edges.
Distribution area and habitat
The yellow-bellied green pigeon is endemic to Sumatra and Java . In Sumatra it occurs in the foothills and mountains of the interior of the island. On Java it is only common in the west and is a comparatively rare bird.
The habitat of the yellow-bellied green pigeon are dense, evergreen primary and secondary forests. The altitude distribution on Sumatra ranges from 300 to 1800 meters. On Java it also occurs at 3000 meters above sea level. Within their habitat they migrate when the food supply becomes scarce.
Way of life
The yellow-bellied green pigeon lives solitary, in pairs or in small groups. It can only be seen very rarely outside of forest areas and is mostly high in the treetops. The flight is quick and straightforward. The exact breeding time is not known. Breeding birds have been observed in Sumatra in January and in Java in June. As is typical for pigeons, the nest is built as a loose platform made of small branches. It is typically found in dense foliage high above the ground.
literature
- David Gibbs, Eustace Barnes and John Cox: Pigeons and Doves - A Guide to the Pigeons and Doves of the World . Pica Press, Sussex 2001, ISBN 90-74345-26-3 .
- Gerhard Rösler: The wild pigeons of the earth - free living, keeping and breeding . M. & H. Schaper Verlag, Alfeld-Hannover 1996, ISBN 3-7944-0184-0 .
Web links
- Treron oxyurus in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2012. Posted by: BirdLife International, 2012. Accessed November 13, 2016th