Moderately continental climate
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The temperate continental climate occurs in a zone between the high and middle latitudes, i.e. from about 40 ° to 60 ° north and south latitude . The limit of the geographical longitude in Germany runs from north to south, roughly on the line of the maritime west side climate to the transitional climate towards the east, i.e. from the island of Rügen to the Bavarian Forest .
Causes and effects
According to Köppen and Geiger , the climate classification for Ireland and Great Britain, which belong to the oceanic climate , is Cfc, and for Central Europe Cfb, which belongs to the temperate continental climate from the limit described. One should bear in mind that these are annual mean values that show outliers, especially in times of climate change . The energy balance, which alternates between the seasons with positive and negative annual amplitudes, is characteristic. Temperatures below 10 ° C and over 40 ° C are to be expected here. The daily and seasonal fluctuations are subject to large amounts of energy in their balance.
Precipitation is generally variable in the mainland areas remote from the sea. Less than 300 mm is not uncommon in the continental area. Convection precipitation is precipitation that is driven up by winds. The atmospheric flow loses its temperature and through condensation it generates rain, in the mountainous region also snow with a pronounced snow cover.
In the temperate continental climate, the vegetation consists of deciduous forest , coniferous forest and mixed forest . Because of the low rainfall, agriculture is more difficult than in the oceanic climatic regions. In addition, temperature variation is another problem for agriculture.