Gender contract

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The gender contract referred to in the feminist-oriented political science and sociology a fictitious contract between the sexes, which governs the relations between the two and assigns men and women different rights and obligations.

History of ideas

On the part of feminist theory building , criticism of contract theory and the liberal paradigm of the social contract has been voiced. In her book The sexual contract , published in 1988, Carole Pateman demonstrated that the social contract, as postulated in modifications by Thomas Hobbes , John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau , is not universal, but rather represents a contract between men. According to Pateman, he regulates relationships between men and has always excluded women from the public sphere.

According to Pateman, the basic social contract is always based on a second component, a hidden gender contract. The modern, society-legitimizing, civil contract idea is based on this hidden gender contract on gender-specific exclusions and exclusions.

Pateman criticized that the gender contract had not been made visible in the history of political ideas.

description

The concept of the gender contract is based on the assumption that “in all modern societies there is a historically grown socio-cultural consensus on the respective characteristics of the forms of intercourse between the sexes, a model and life pattern shared by men and women about the 'correct' form of gender-specific division of labor , the type of family and the way in which the two genders are integrated into society through the labor market and / or through the family ”.

Historian Yvonne Hirdman developed a model based on gender systems and gender contracts to describe the positions of the sexes in Swedish society . According to Hirdman, the gender contract is a traditional but changeable agreement on the place, activities and characteristics of men and women and at the same time defines the relationships between the areas of production and reproduction .

reception

Pateman's publication became the starting point for numerous works within feminist theory and was widely received in political science outside of it. Political scientist Kathrin Braun saw Pateman's analysis as "probably the most influential history of political ideas within feminist science".

With regard to the gender contract, an increasing variety of forms is pointed out. Most European countries are each assigned a specific model to promote and maintain. The policy of the European Union, on the other hand, is interpreted as promoting a model based on egalitarian role sharing . In practice, however, one can speak of a variety of gender contracts within the population.

See also

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Evi Genetti: The sex of the modern state. Reflections on the recent state debate. (No longer available online.) In: sinn-haft nr 11. Archived from the original on March 14, 2011 ; Retrieved November 28, 2009 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.sinn-haft.at
  2. ↑ a b Ellen Krause: Introduction to Political Science Gender Research , ISBN 3-8100-3541-6 , Leske + Budrich, pp. 86-102. In it: p. 87
  3. ↑ Sabine Schenk: New or restructuring of gender relations in East Germany? In: Berliner Journal für Soziologie, Jg. 5 (1995), no. 4, pp. 475–488, 1995, page 478. Quoted after gender contract and gender arrangements in the new federal states. Retrieved November 28, 2009 .
  4. ↑ Hildegard Theobald: Women in leading positions in the private sector. An examination of the Swedish and German gender treaty. (PDF; 241 kB) May 1998, accessed on November 28, 2009 ( ISSN  1011-9523 ). P. 6
  5. ↑ Heidi Gottfried, Jacqueline O'Reilly: The gender contract in Germany and Japan: The weakness of a strong provider model. (PDF; 372 kB) July 2000, accessed on November 28, 2009 ( ISSN  1011-9523 ). P. 4 f
  6. ↑ Ellen Krause: Introduction to Political Science Gender Studies , ISBN 3-8100-3541-6 , Leske + Budrich, Opladen 2003, pp. 86-102. In it: p. 86
  7. ↑ Ann-Kristin Juntti-Henriksson: “May I buy strayberries?” A study of control of money and household spending in marriage in the northernmost borderland of Sweden. (PDF; 151 kB) (No longer available online.) August 2003, formerly in the original ; Retrieved November 29, 2009 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.rosadoc.be   P. 5  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.rosadoc.be