Social insurance (Switzerland)

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The social is in Switzerland the most important institution of social security. Most of them are compulsory insurance , so residents are often required to have insurance. Social insurances include a. the age and survivors' insurance , the unemployment insurance (ALV) , the Occupational Pension Plans (BVG) , family allowances , the health insurance (KV) , the military insurance (MV), maternity insurance (MV) (since 2005 integrated into EO) and Accident Insurance (UV ) .

Constitutional foundations

The basics of social insurance can be found in Articles 111 to 114 and Articles 116 and 117 of the Swiss Federal Constitution .

The so-called “three pillar principle” is laid down in Art. 111, which regulates the structure of old-age, survivors' and disability benefits. Art. 112 contains the basis for old-age, survivors' and disability insurance, and Art. 113 that of occupational benefits. Art. 114 regulates the basis of unemployment insurance; Art. 116 lays down provisions for family allowances and maternity insurance. Finally, in Article 117, health and accident insurance is constitutionally regulated.

The old-age and survivors' insurance (AHV), together with the disability insurance (IV) and the supplementary benefits, form the first - state - pillar of the Swiss three- pillar system and serve to adequately secure subsistence needs.

financing

Social insurance is mostly financed through wage deductions . The employer deducts the social security contributions from the wages . The contributions are based on income. They are borne “equally” , that is, half of the employers and employees . The only exception is health insurance, where income-independent head premiums are paid. In addition, there are public contributions, for example the AHV / IV are financed at 5% from the tobacco tax.

Individual types of social security

Age and Survivors' Insurance

The old-age and survivors' insurance (AHV) is intended to cover the subsistence needs in the event of loss of income due to old age or death of the provider. With old-age pensions, the AHV helps to enable the insured to withdraw from working life in old age and to ensure a materially secure retirement. The benefits result from the contributions and the contribution period.

Employed persons in Switzerland who are not younger than 18 years of age have to pay contributions (currently 4.35% for employees, max. 9.95% for self-employed) of their income to the AHV.

unemployment insurance

Everyone who is unemployed or who cannot work due to bad weather and also for those whose employer is insolvent are entitled to unemployment insurance benefits (ALV).

All employees subject to AHV contributions and their employers must make contributions (currently 1.1% each) to the ALV.

Occupational pension

The occupational pension scheme (BV), together with the AHV and IV, should enable the usual standard of living in a comfortable way. All employees are compulsorily insured.

The following contribution rates currently apply:

  • For 25 to 34 year olds there is a 7% deduction from income
  • For 35 to 44 year olds there is a 10% deduction from income
  • For 45 to 54 year olds there is a 15% deduction from income
  • For 55 to 65 year olds there is an 18% deduction from income

Supplementary benefits to AHV and IV

Supplementary benefits (EL) serve to secure a livelihood if AHV and IV pensions are insufficient.

Income compensation in the military, community service and maternity

Everyone working in Switzerland who lives in Switzerland or abroad is entitled to compensation for loss of earnings (EO).

Employed persons in Switzerland aged 18 and over must pay contributions from their wages (currently 0.15%) to the EO.

Disability insurance

Also, the invalidity (IV) is required according to the AHV. Everyone who lives or works in Switzerland is insured with IV. In order to receive benefits from the IV you have to register with the IV office of your place of residence. Then it will be clarified which benefits the insured person is entitled to.

Contributions from wages (currently 0.7%) to the IV must be paid by all employed persons in Switzerland who are not younger than 18 years.

Health insurance

The health insurance available to all persons living in Switzerland comprehensive medical care and provides medical treatment safely. All people living in Switzerland are required by law to take out health insurance.

In the event of problems with the health insurance company, the social health insurance ombudsman provides advice and mediation.

Accident insurance

Insured persons are entitled to benefits in the event of: occupational accidents, non-occupational accidents and occupational diseases. All employees working in Switzerland are compulsorily insured against accidents. Occupational sectors with higher risks are insured by the Swiss Accident Insurance Fund ( Suva ) (cf. Art. 66 UVG). Other sectors have to insure the mandatory benefits with private insurers.

See also

Web links