Conversation analysis transcription system

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The Conversational Analysis Transcription System (GAT) is a procedure used in conversation analysis to transcribe spoken language .

General

The GAT was developed in 1998 by the linguists Margret Selting , Peter Auer , Birgit Barden, Jörg Bergmann , Elisabeth Couper-Kuhlen, Susanne Günthner, Christoph Meier, Uta Quasthoff, Peter Schlobinski and Susanne Uhmann in order to create uniform conventions and facilitate the uncomplicated exchange of to enable collected data, the form of which suits different research focuses. A revised version was published in 2009 under the name GAT2.

The GAT goes back in part to the conversational analytical notation conventions (CA) developed in the 1960s by Emanuel Schegloff , Harvey Sacks and Gail Jefferson . In the GAT, three levels of detail are possible for the transcription: the minimal transcript as a simple (working) transcript, also for use cases outside of conversation analysis; the basic transcript with an extension to include prosodic information, which is necessary to rule out misunderstandings with regard to the semantic structure and pragmatic function of the segments in the context of the conversation; and the detailed transcript, which contains more detailed information mainly on prosody . Each segment is assigned its own line (in contrast to the score in the HIAT developed by Ehlich / Rehbein ); the segments are numbered consecutively. Containing the GAT, the glottal plosive apart, no phonetic symbols to a relatively quick transcribing without special programs and ensure better readability. Since the use of capital letters indicates an accent, the letters are otherwise written in lower case.

The FOLKER transcription editor is being developed at the Institute for German Language for transcribing according to GAT2.

Basic transcript

In the basic transcript, turns are segmented into intonation phrases that are perceived as cohesive units through a cohesive pitch course. Pitch movements are only listed at the end of the phrase, a distinction is made between rising high [?], Rising medium [,], constant [-], falling medium [;] and falling [.]. With the accent, only the focus accent in the intonation phrase [akZENT] and an extra strong accent [ak! ZENT!] Are taken into account in the basic transcript. In the basic transcript, directly connected new turns are marked with [=] and lengthening of sounds is marked with [:], [::] or [:::] depending on the duration. The basic transcript can also contain interpretive comments with a range such as [<<staunt> what>].

Fine transcript

The detailed transcript contains information that goes beyond the basic transcript and mainly relates to the area of prosody . Additional accents [akzEnt], accent pitch movements, noticeable pitch jumps up or down (also to the peak or valley of the accent syllable) as well as changed pitch registers can be marked here. Changes in volume and speaking speed can also be identified.

The fine transcription is not the rule, as it is very time-consuming; It is of particular interest to those linguists whose research areas focus on the interfaces between conversation analysis and intonation phonology, such as: B. the focus phonology , move.

Minimal transcript

The minimal transcript contains the wording of the speeches and information on the course structure of the conversation, i.e. on overlapping and simultaneous speaking (in square brackets below each other). It contains pauses, whereby these are either measured to the hundredth of a second [(1.74)] or roughly in micro pauses [(.)], Short [(-)], medium [(-)] and longer pauses [(--- )] can be distinguished. In the rough classification, pauses with a length of more than approx. One second are estimated, the specification is then made with only one place after the comma [(3.0)]. As further segmental conventions, inhalation and exhalation of different lengths, cross-word blurring [ham_wer], delay signals (such as [äh]) and termination by glottal closure [ˀ] are taken into account. Furthermore, the minimal transcript leads to laughter - usually written out, but also in the form [((laughs))] -, reception signals ([yes], [hmhm] etc.) as well as para and extra-linguistic actions and events such as coughing, also in double brackets. Suspected words, sounds or syllables are simply put in brackets, and possible alternatives are noted in unclear places and incomprehensible passages.

Sources and web links