Glavonoid

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Glavonoid is the brand name for a polyphenol- standardized plant extract selected from the roots or rhizomes of the plant licorice ( liquorice ) is recovered. The extract was in November 2011 as a novel food ( " Novel Food Approved") from the European Commission for use as a food ingredient in functional foods or dietary supplements .

Description and use

Glavonoid is a dark brown oily liquid that contains around 30% polyphenols, standardized to 3% glabridin . Glavonoid is obtained by first extracting the roots or rhizomes of the liquorice plant (Glycyrrhiza glabra) with ethanol and then extracting the ethanolic extract with medium-chain triglycerides . The extract is free from glycyrrhizin , which has corticoid-like effects. Carbohydrates , proteins , water and incineration residues are only present in traces. The licorice plant belongs to the legume family ( Fabaceae ). It has a long history of human consumption; For example, the roots were chewed to freshen the mouth or used as a sweetener for sweets and confectionery.

The flavonoids contained in glavonoid such. B. Glabridin are said to activate the body's own fat metabolism and suppress the formation of new fat. Thanks to the regulatory status, manufacturers can bring corresponding products for “weight control” and “body shaping” onto the market.

Glavonoid is suitable as an additive to functional foods such as milk, yogurt, fruit or vegetable drinks, but can also be used in food supplements. The intake should be limited to 120 mg per day. Glavonoid was developed by the Japanese company Kaneka Nutrients .

safety

At the request of the European Commission, the Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) committee of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has issued a scientific opinion on the safety of glavonoid as a food ingredient. The result was that glavonoid is safe for the average adult population with an intake of up to 120 mg per day.

effect

The glabridin contained in glavonoid is said to have a two-fold effect in lipid metabolism: on the one hand, it stimulates the body's own fat breakdown by increasing the enzyme activity of β-oxidation ; on the other hand, it inhibits fat build-up by inhibiting the enzyme activity of lipid synthesis .

mechanism

Glabridin acts as an agonist on the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor y (PPAR y ). This receptor is involved in the regulation of various mechanisms in carbohydrate and fat metabolism and plays a role , for example, in the development of the metabolic syndrome . The activation of PPA receptors is already used therapeutically in the treatment of diabetes and disorders of lipid metabolism.

Studies

Animal studies have shown that flavonoids from the licorice plant

  • inhibit abdominal fat storage in obese diabetic KK-A Y mice and suppress an increase in blood sugar level ,
  • in mice with dietary obesity inhibit abdominal fat storage, fat storage in mesenteric fat cells, storage of lipid droplets in liver cells and increase in body weight and act on hepatic gene expression (regulation of genes for β-oxidation and fatty acid synthesis).

Furthermore, a stimulation of human adipocyte differentiation could be determined in vitro .

In an RCT study on 81 overweight volunteers, the administration of various flavonoid doses (300, 600 or 900 mg of an extract standardized to 1% glabridin per day) found a significant decrease in body fat mass within 8 weeks compared to placebo . In addition, a significant reduction in visceral fat was observed at the highest dose .

A placebo-controlled study over 12 weeks on 20 volunteers with a metabolic syndrome (daily dose of 200 mg glavonoid ) showed a significant reduction in body weight and an improved LDL - HDL ratio.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Glavonoid at - EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA)
  2. ↑ a b Implementing decision (PDF; 827 kB) in the Official Journal of the European Union. Commission implementing decision authorizing the placing on the market of flavonoids from Glycyrrhiza glabra L. as a novel food ingredient.
  3. ↑ Alimenta - trade journal for the food industry: Liquorice extract receives novel-food status ( Memento of the original from March 3, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , November 28, 2011 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.alimentaonline.ch
  4. ↑ a b c K. Nakagawa, H. Kishida, N. Arai, T. Nishiyama, T. Mae: Licorice Flavonoids Suppress Abdominal Fat Accumulation and Increase in Blood Glucose Level in Obese Diabetic KK-AY Mice . In: Biol Pharm Bull . 27 (11) 1775-1778 (2004).
  5. ↑ F. Aoki, S. Honda, H. Kishida, M. Kitano, N. Arai, H. Tanaka, S. Yokota, K. Nakagawa, T. Asakura, Y. Nakai, T. Mae: Suppression by Licorice Flavonoids of Abdominal Fat Accumulation and Body Weight Gain in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese C57BL / 6J Mice . In: Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 71 (1), 206-214, 2007.
  6. ↑ Y. Tominaga, K. Nakagawa, T. Mae, M. Kitano, S. Yokota, T. Arai, H. Ikematsu, S. Inoue .: Licorice flavonoid oil reduces total body fat and visceral fat in overweight subjects: a randomized , double-blind, placebo-controlled study . Obesity Research & Clinical Practice (2009) 3, 169-178.
  7. ↑ J. Kobayashi et al., Journal of the Japan Diabetes Society 53 Supplement 1: p. 296, 2010.