Global mean surface temperature
The Global Mean Surface Temperature (GMST), translated as "global average temperature at the surface", describes an average value for the temperature distribution on the earth's surface calculated from averaged measured values. The GMST enables a rough first classification of the climatic conditions on earth in a certain period of time.
The value is formed from the arithmetic averaging of many MST values ( mean surface temperature , surface temperature at one place), or calculated using models. To find an MST value, the temperature profile over a certain period of time (usually at least one revolution of the sun, i.e. a tropical year in order to level out seasonal fluctuations) is cumulated and also averaged. In order to level out fluctuations over the years and thus be able to use the value as an indicator for a general situation, the usual period of 30 years in long-term meteorology or short-term climatology is used. This period is called the normal period .
The current 30-year value for the earth is 288 Kelvin , i.e. +15 degrees Celsius . The change in this value is discussed in the context of global warming .
Number series analysis
Nevertheless, different institutes come to slightly different results when analyzing the normal periods due to slightly different data. The period from 1961 to 1990 is regarded as the international climatological reference period. B. collected by the two American institutes (NOAA National Climatic Data Center and NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies) and the British Hadley Center. In collaboration between the Climate Research Unit at the University of East Anglia in Norwich, the latter calculated a mean global average temperature in the reference period (1961–1990) of 14 degrees Celsius .
bibliography
- Neil McBride: Global Warming . Open University Worldwide 2007, ISBN 978-0-7492-2666-4 , p. 36
- Scott L. Wing, Philip D. Gingerich, Birger Schmitz, Ellen Thomas: Causes and consequences of globally warm climates in the early Paleogene . The Geological Society of America, Special Paper 369; 2003, ISBN 978-0-8137-2369-3 , p. 88
Web links
- GISS Surface Temperature Analysis - Analysis Graphs and Plots , NASA
- Global average temperature , weather dictionary of the German Weather Service.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Weather lexicon of the German Weather Service: Global average temperature ( Memento of the original from February 1, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
