Goldwing Bushhammer

Goldwing Bushhammer
	Goldwing Bushhammer ( Arremon schlegeli )
Systematics
Order :	Passerines (Passeriformes)
Subordination :	Songbirds (passeri)
Superfamily :	Passeroidea
Family :	New World Chambers (Passerellidae)
Genre :	Rowing chambers ( Arremon )
Type :	Goldwing Bushhammer
Scientific name
	Arremon Schlegeli
	Bonaparte , 1851

The golden wing bushhammer ( Arremon schlegeli ), formerly known as the golden wing rudder hammer , is a species of bird from the New World Chamber family native to South America .

features

Goldwing bushhammer reach a length of up to 16 cm and a weight of 27 g. They have a completely black head and are the only species of the genus that do not have an over-eye stripe . The black color of the head continues over the sides of the neck to an interrupted collar on the chest. The beak is golden yellow in adult males, less strongly colored in females and black in young birds. The back and flanks are gray, the belly is white, more dull in females than in males. The shoulders are bright yellow. The wing covers and the upper back are olive yellow. The back of animals in northeastern Venezuela remains gray. The rest of the wings and tail are dark gray.

Spread and endangerment

The Goldwing Bushhammer lives in tropical and subtropical dry forests and bush formations in Venezuela and Colombia at heights of up to 1300 m. It is classified as safe ("Least Concern") because of its large distribution area and the apparently stable population.

Systematics

The species is divided into the following subspecies:

Arremon Schlegeli Schlegeli Bonaparte , 1850
Arremon schlegeli fratruelis Wetmore , 1946
Arremon schlegeli canidorsum J. T. Zimmer , 1941

Individual evidence

^ Robert S. Ridgely, Guy Tudor: Field Guide to the Songbirds of South America: The Passerines. University of Texas Press, 2009, ISBN 978-0292719798 , p. 642.

^ Steven L. Hilty: Birds of Venezuela. Princeton University Press, 2002, ISBN 978-0691092508 , p. 812.

^ ^A ^b Steven L. Hilty, William L. Brown: A Guide to the Birds of Colombia. Princeton University Press, 1986, ISBN 978-0691083728 , p. 654.

↑ Arremon Schlegeli in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010.4. Listed by: BirdLife International, 2009. Retrieved December 6, 2010.
↑ Conspectus generum avium, 1850, p. 488 Arremon Schlegeli (Latin.) Original description
^ Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, Vol 106, No. 16, 1946, pp. 1-14 New birds from Colombia (p. 13 ) Original description
^ Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, Vol. 54, 1941, pp. 133-136 A new subspecies of Arremon Schlegeli (Engl.) Original description

Web links

Videos, photos and sound recordings of Golden-winged Sparrow (Arremon schlegeli) in the Internet Bird Collection
Photo on Flickr
Description of nest and clutch (PDF; 91 kB)

[Passerines-1] Robert S. Ridgely, Guy Tudor: Field Guide to the Songbirds of South America: The Passerines. University of Texas Press, 2009, ISBN 978-0292719798 , p. 642.

[Hilty-2] Steven L. Hilty: Birds of Venezuela. Princeton University Press, 2002, ISBN 978-0691092508 , p. 812.

[Colombia-3] A ^b Steven L. Hilty, William L. Brown: A Guide to the Birds of Colombia. Princeton University Press, 1986, ISBN 978-0691083728 , p. 654.