Gonatocerini

Gonatocerini
Cosmocomoidea triguttata (Synonym: Gonatocerus triguttatus )
Systematics
Order : Hymenoptera (Hymenoptera) Subordination : Waist Wasps (Apocrita) Partial order : Legimmen (Terebrantia) Superfamily : Wood Wasps (Chalcidoidea) Family : Little Wasps (Mymaridae) Tribe : Gonatocerini
Scientific name
Gonatocerini
Ashmead , 1904

The Gonatocerini are a tribe of the dwarf wasps (Mymaridae) from the superfamily of the ore wasps (Chalcidoidea). By 2015, the more than 400 species of Gonatocerini were united in a single genus Gonatocerus . This was divided into 14 genres by John T. Huber in 2015. The Gonatocerini with the genus Gonatocerus had already been described by William Harris Ashmead in 1904 , but except for Gonatocerus they had a completely different genus composition.

description

All representatives of the Gonatocerini have narrow, stalked wings, which are ciliate on the edges. The forewings are very narrow. The veining of the wings is greatly reduced, as with all wasps. The Gonatocerini have only one vein each on the anterior edge of the two fore and hind wings, the marginal vein. It extends as a submarginal vein from the base of the wing to the chitinized part at the front edge of the wing, which forms the actual marginal vein, at the distal end of which sit long, strong macrochaetes. The microchaetes arise approximately in the middle between the two macrochaetes. In the other tribes of the dwarf wasps, the microchaetes sit near the proximal macrochaetes.

The end links of the antennas are usually thickened in the shape of a club and thus also a distinguishing feature. The antennae of the females are eight-limbed (seven-limbed in some genera), those of the males are eleven-limbed. The tarsi always have five limbs; the remaining dwarf wasps also have four and three limbs.

Way of life

The species of Gonatocerini lay their eggs in the eggs of other insects , predominantly Hemiptera , on which the larvae feed during their development. They therefore play an important role in biological pest control . The females of Cosmocomoidea triguttata , for example, lay their eggs in those of the dwarf leafhopper Homalodisca vitripennis , which when sucking plant juices can transfer the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa into the xylem of grapevines and thus damage the wine cultures.

Genera

There are now 14 genera in the tribe Gonatocerini:

• Archigonatocerus ( fossil )
• Cosmocomoidea
• Cosmocomopsis
• Gahanopsis
• Gastrogonatocerus
• Gonatocerus (in the narrower sense)
• Heptagonatocerus
• Crater
• Lymaenon
• Octomicromeris
• Progonatocerus
• Tanyxiphium
• Yoshimotoana
• Zeyanus

Individual evidence

1. ^ ^{A b} John T. Huber: World reclassification of the Gonatocerus group of genera (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae). Zootaxa, 3967, pp. 1–184, 2015 doi : 10.11646 / zootaxa.3967.1.1

literature

• John T. Huber: World reclassification of the Gonatocerus group of genera (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae). Zootaxa, 3967, pp. 1–184, 2015 doi : 10.11646 / zootaxa.3967.1.1 (first description, English)

Web links

Commons : Gonatocerus  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Gonatocerus species in India , Indian Council of Agricultural Research, National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources (NBAIR), Bangalore 2013, accessed June 8, 2015