Green glossy tail

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Green glossy tail
Metallura williami

Metallura williami

Systematics
Class : Birds (aves)
Order : Sailor birds (Apodiformes)
Family : Hummingbirds (Trochilidae)
Genre : Shiny tail ( Metallura )
Type : Green glossy tail
Scientific name
Metallura williami
( Delattre & Bourcier , 1846)

The Green Glanzschwänzchen ( Metallura williami ) or sometimes Grünglanzschwänzchen is a species of bird in the family of hummingbirds (Trochilidae). The species has a large range that covers about 52,000 square kilometers in the South American countries of Colombia and Ecuador . The IUCN assesses the population as Least Concern .

features

The green glossy tail reaches a body length of about 8.6 centimeters. The short beak becomes about 15 millimeters long. The male is dark bronze-green both in the upper and lower part. The throat has an inconspicuous green glittering patch. The approx. 9.1 centimeter tail shimmers dark green to bronze on the top, depending on the light conditions. Below the tail is dark lavender blue. The upper part of the female is also dark bronze-green. The lower part shines in a strong sand-colored green. The tail and its colors are very similar to that of the male.

Habitat

The bird is rarely seen in the scruffy, rugged forest edges. The hummingbird is often seen on the mountain slopes of the Puracé National Park . It moves mainly at altitudes of 2100 to 3800 meters. Mostly you can see the hummingbird over 2900 meters.

behavior

The relatively small hummingbird shows little aggression. The glossy tail clings to the flowers while eating rather than floating in front of them. So it is remarkably tame and native to smaller bushes with flowers. The sexes usually live separately. The breeding season in Puracé is in February. In the West Andes, the bird breeds in August. There are breeding colonies close together during the breeding season.

Vocalizations

The call sounds like a descending series of four to five zi tones, followed by disordered tones.

Subspecies

Spread of the green glossy tail

So far four subspecies are known. The following subspecies were identified:

  • Metallura williami atrigularis Salvin , 1893
  • Metallura williami primolina Bourcier , 1853
  • Metallura williami recisa Wetmore , 1970
  • Metallura williami williami ( Delattre & Bourcier , 1846)

The recisa subspecies is found near Páramo de Frontino in the Colombian state of Antioquia . The williami subspecies is native to both mountain slopes of Colombia's central Andes. In the east of Colombia in the province of Nariño as well as in northern Ecuador you can find the ssp. observe primolinus . In the Cordillera de Chilla in the Ecuadorian provinces of Azuay and Loja , the ssp. atrigularis present.

Etymology and history of research

Metallura williami atrigularis , female (left) and male (right)

Adolphe Delattre and Jules Bourcier described the green glossy tail under the name Trochilus Williami . The type specimen came from the volcanoes near Popayán and was collected by Delattre during his travels through Peru, Ecuador, the viceroyalty of New Granada and the Isthmus of Panama . Only later was it added to the genus Metallura .

The word Metallura is derived from the Greek words »metallon μεταλλον « for »metal« and »oura ουρά « for »tail«.

The word "williami" is dedicated to William Savery Wilson (1803-1870), who lived in Paris at the time of the first description. He was a brother of Thomas Bellerby Wilson (1807-1865), who bought Delattre's bird collection a year later. The word »primolina« honors the amateur photographer and Count Joseph-Napoleon Primoli (1851–1927), who was a grandson of Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte (1803–1857). The word "recisa" comes from the Latin word "recisus" for "short, abbreviated". "Atrigularis" is a Latin word formation from the words "ater" for "black" and "gularis, gula" for "-throat, throat".

literature

  • Steven Leon Hilty , William Leroy Brown : A guide to the birds of Colombia . Princeton University Press, Princeton 1986, ISBN 978-0-691-09250-8 .
  • Robert Sterling Ridgely , Paul J. Greenfield: Birds of Ecuador Field Guide: Field Guide . tape 2 . Princeton University Press, Princeton 2001, ISBN 0-8014-8721-8 (b).
  • James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
  • Adolphe Delattre , Jules Bourcier: Description de quinze espèce nouvelle de Trochilidèe, faisant partie de collections rapportées par M. Ad. De Lattre dont le précédentes excursions ont déjà enrichi plusieurs branches de L'histoire naturelle, et provenant de L'intérieur de Pérou, de républiques de l'Équateur, de la Nouvelle-Grenade et del'isthme de Panama . In: Revue Zoologique par La Société Cuvierienne . tape 9 , 1846, pp. 305-312 ( online [accessed February 18, 2014]).
  • Jules Bourcier: Nouvelle espèces du genre Metallura, Gould . In: Revue et magasin de zoologie pure et appliquée (=  2 ). tape 5 , 1853, pp. 295-296 ( online [accessed February 18, 2014]).
  • Osbert Salvin: Osbert Salvin, FRS contributed descriptions of two supposed new species of Metallura from Ecuador, which he supposed to call . In: Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club . tape 1 , 1893, p. 49-50 ( online [accessed February 18, 2014]).
  • Alexander Wetmore: Description of additional form of birds from Panama and Colombia . In: Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington . tape 82 , 1970, pp. 767-776 ( online [accessed February 18, 2014]).
  • Frédéric de Lafresnaye: Quelques oiseaux nouveaux ou rares rapportés par M. Delatre, de Bolivie, de la Nouvelle-Grenade, et de Panama, par M. de Lafresnaye . In: Revue zoologique par la Société cuviérienne . tape 10 , 1847, p. 67-79 ( online [accessed February 19, 2014]).

Web links

Commons : Green Shiny Tail ( Metallura williami )  - Collection of images, videos, and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Steven Leon Hilty p. 283
  2. ↑ Robert Sterling Ridgely et al. a. (2001b), p. 286.
  3. ^ IOC World Bird List Hummingbirds
  4. ↑ Osbert Salvin, p. 49
  5. ↑ Jules Bourcier, p. 295
  6. ↑ Alexander Wetmore, p. 767
  7. ↑ a b Adolphe Delattre u. a., p. 308
  8. ↑ a b Adolphe Delattre u. a., p. 309
  9. ↑ Adolphe Delattre et al. a., p. 305
  10. ↑ James A. Jobling p. 252
  11. ↑ Frédéric de Lafresnaye, p. 67
  12. ↑ Jules Bourcier, p. 296
  13. ↑ James A. Jobling p. 331
  14. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 59