Grass snails
| Grass snails | ||||||||||||
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Spiny litter snail ( Acanthinula aculeata (OF Müller, 1774)) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Valloniidae | ||||||||||||
| Morse , 1864 |
The grass snails (Valloniidae) are a family of snails from the suborder of the land snails (Stylommatophora). About 70 species are currently described.
features
The housing shape is very variable within the family; from flat conical to highly conical. The very small to small housings are up to about 5 mm high and about 3.5 mm wide. They have 3 to 3.5 turns (in Vallonia ), over 4 in Acanthinula and up to 6 whorls in Spermodea . The mouth is usually without teeth or swellings. The navel is wide and open. The shell is thin and translucent. The surface is smooth, covered with free growth strips or with ribs; in Acanthinula the ribs on the periphery are drawn out into triangular processes. The color ranges from gray-white to yellow-brown.
The penis and epiphallus are present in the hermaphroditic genital apparatus. The prostate consists of a few lobes at the base of the albumin gland. A blind sac (caecum) and an appendix are usually attached to the penis. The stem of the spermathec is relatively short; a pedicel diverticulum is sometimes present.
Geographical distribution and habitat
The distribution of the family is Holarctic . The species of the subfamily Acanthinulinae are often found in moist forests, the species of Valloniinae colonize grass-covered, open locations often near rivers.
Systematics
The family of grass snails (Valloniidae) is one of 13 families of the superfamily Pupilloidea . Other authors place them in the superfamily Orculoidea (which in turn is not recognized by most authors). It is not further subdivided by Bouchet and Rocroi (2005). Schileyko (1998), on the other hand, excludes the two subfamilies Valloniinae and Acanthinulinae. Vollrath Wiese followed this breakdown in 2014.
- Family grass snails (Valloniidae Morse, 1864)
- Subfamily Valloniinae Morse, 1864
- Genus Gittenbergia Giusti & Manganelli, 1986
- Gittenbergia sororcula (Benoit, 1859)
- Plagyrona Gittenberger genus , 1977
- Genus Planogyra Morse, 1864
- Genus Vallonia Risso, 1826
- Genus Gittenbergia Giusti & Manganelli, 1986
- Subfamily Acanthinulinae Steenberg, 1917
- Genus Acanthinula Beck, 1847
- Spiny litter snail ( Acanthinula aculeata (OF Müller, 1774))
- Genus † Esuinella Harzhauser, Neubauer & Georgopoulou in Harzhauser et al., 2014
- Genus Ptychopatula Pilsbry, 189
- Genus Pupisoma Stoliczka, 1873
- Genus Salpingoma Haas, 1937
- Genus Spermodea Westerlund, 1902
- Beehives ( Spermodea lamellata (Jeffreys, 1833))
- Genus Zoogenetes Morse, 1864
- Zoogenetes harpa (Say, 1824) (only species of the genus)
- Genus Acanthinula Beck, 1847
- Subfamily Valloniinae Morse, 1864
supporting documents
literature
- Philippe Bouchet & Jean-Pierre Rocroi: Part 2. Working classification of the Gastropoda . Malacologia, 47: 239-283, Ann Arbor 2005 ISSN 0076-2997
- Rosina Fechter and Gerhard Falkner: molluscs. 287 pp., Mosaik-Verlag, Munich 1990 (Steinbach's Nature Guide 10) ISBN 3-570-03414-3 .
- Michael P. Kerney, RAD Cameron & Jürgen H. Jungbluth: The land snails of Northern and Central Europe. 384 pp., Paul Parey, Hamburg & Berlin 1983, ISBN 3-490-17918-8 .
- Anatolij A. Schileyko: Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs, Part 1. Achatinellidae, Amastridae, Orculidae, Strobilopsidae, Spelaeodiscidae, Valloniidae, Cochlicopidae, Pupillidae, Chondrinidae, Pyramidulidae. Ruthenica, Supplement 2 (1): 1-127, Moscow 1998 ISSN 0136-0027
- Vollrath Wiese: Germany's land snails. 352 pp., Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2014 ISBN 978-3-494-01551-4 (p. 92)
