Grave poetry

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Frontispiece to Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard by Thomas Gray , 1753 edition

As Graveyard poets , a literary trend in the English Pre-Romanticism in mid-18th century is called, named after the preferred venue for the written by their representatives lyrically elegiac poems, such as death, circled transience, grave and loneliness in melancholy meditations on issues.

Representatives of the group known as the Graveyard School were also known as the Graveyard Poets . One of them is (chronologically according to the year of death):

In English literature, the Graveyard School is the forerunner of the Gothic novel . Many of the motifs and set pieces of the Anglo-Saxon horror novel can already be found in the poems of the Graveyard Poets . But influence was also exerted on European literatures, for example in Germany on Friedrich Karl Kasimir von Creutz ( Die Gräber , 1760), Johann Friedrich von Cronegk , Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock and Ludwig Hölty , in Sweden on Johan Gabriel Oxenstierna , Carl Michael Bellman , Bengt Lidner and Johan Henrik Kellgren , in Latvia on Aspazija ( Dvēseles krēsla , poems № 44 to 56 or end) and in Italy on Ippolito Pindemonte ( I cimiteri ) and Ugo Foscolo ( I sepolcri ). Relationships and echoes can also be seen in Novalis ( Hymns to the Night , 1800) and Paul Valéry ( Le Cimetière marin , 1920).

literature

  • Carl Fehrman: Kyrkogårdsromantik. Gleerup, Lund 1954
  • Joseph Kohnen : death and grave poetry in the German novel. On the intertextual transmission of the topic from Martin Miller to Wilhelm Raabe. Lang, Bern 1989, ISBN 3-261-04184-6 .
  • Paul Van Tieghem : La poésie de la nuit et des tombeaux en Europe au XVIIIe siècle. Paris 1921. Reprint: Slatkine, Geneva 1970.
  • Gero von Wilpert : Subject dictionary of literature. 8th edition Kröner, Stuttgart 2013, ISBN 978-3-520-84601-3 , p. 318.