Big evergreen
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Great periwinkle ( Vinca major ) |
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The great periwinkle ( Vinca major ) is a species of the genus periwinkle ( Vinca ) in the family of the dog poison plants (Apocynaceae).
features
The great evergreen is an evergreen, perennial subshrub with a stem axis that creeps over the ground and takes root at the nodes. The branches are up to 1 meter long, they are first ascending at the bottom and then bent down, lying down and creeping. The flower sprouts reach a stature height of 30 centimeters.
The opposite leaves are leathery and petiolate. They measure up to 9 centimeters in length and 6 centimeters in width, with the lower leaves usually being smaller. They are usually ovate to broadly ovate in shape, rarely lanceolate. At the bottom they are almost heart-shaped , narrowing towards the front. Furthermore, the leaves are lashed at the edge and clearly pinnate.
The long-stalked flowers standing individually in the upper leaf axils are five-fold. The flower stalks are shorter than the corresponding leaves. The permanent cup is short and funnel-shaped. It has narrow, triangular, lashed lashes on the edge, up to 17 millimeters long. The presentation plate-shaped, light blue or purple (rarely also white) corolla measures up to 50 millimeters in diameter. The tube is short and widens evenly in a funnel shape. The corolla lobes are cut off at the front and crooked and overlap in the bud to the left. There is only one circle with five stamens , which are attached to the corolla tube with the stamens . The connecting link between the anthers is widened and hairy. The ovary is above and double. The styles are short and thickened at the tip with five hanging tufts of hair. The fruit consists of two dry, often different sized, follicles connected at the base . The seeds are bumpy, rough and bare.
Flowering time is from March to May, sometimes also in autumn.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 90 or 92.
Occurrence
The natural distribution area is the western and central Mediterranean area to the Middle East. This species is naturalized in many places.
The great evergreen grows in shady places, in forests, on bushes and damp hedges as well as on streams. It's rare.
Systematics
One can distinguish three subspecies:
- Vinca major subsp. balcanica (Pénzes) Kozuharov & AVPetrova : It occurs on the northern Balkan peninsula.
- Vinca major subsp. hirsuta (Boiss.) Stearn : It occurs from northern Turkey to western Transcaucasia.
- Vinca major subsp. major : It originally occurs from southern Europe to the eastern Mediterranean area and is a neophyte in numerous countries.
literature
- Gunter Steinbach (Ed.): Shrub trees (Steinbach's natural guide). Mosaik-Verlag GmbH, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-576-10560-3 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Vinca major at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ a b c d Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Vinca - World Checklist of Selected Plant Families of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Last accessed on November 12, 2017.
Web links
- Big evergreen. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Vinca major L. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved January 26, 2016.
- Thomas Meyer: Immergrün data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )