Large stone graves near Klein Berßen
| Large stone graves near Klein Berßen Truesteene, Berßener Stein | |||
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| Coordinates | 52 ° 47 '52.7 " N , 7 ° 27' 35.7" E | ||
| place | Klein Berßen , Lower Saxony , Germany | ||
| Emergence | 3500 to 2800 BC Chr. | ||
| Sprockhoff no. | 853-854 | ||
The large stone graves at Klein Berßen were three between 3500 and 2800 BC. BC created. Megalithic grave sites of the Neolithic Funnel Beaker Culture (TBK) near the village of Klein Berßen in Emsland ( Lower Saxony ), of which today only two exist. Grave 1 bears the Sprockhoff number 853 and is also known under the name Wahrsteene . Grave 2 bears the number 854 and is also known as the Berßen stone .
location
The graves are located in two far apart places outside of Klein Berßen. Grave 1 is about 3 km north of the village on the edge of a field. Grave 3 is located about 3 km south-southwest of Klein Berßen near the Wittenfehn moor. The destroyed grave was to the east of this, on the other side of Haselünner Strasse. There are numerous other large stone graves in the vicinity: the large stone graves are located a good 2 km southwest of grave 1 at Groß Stavern , 2.2 km northeast the large stone graves at Düvelskuhlen and 2.7 km east the large stone graves near Groß Berßen . In addition, 420 m southeast of grave 1 there is a large burial mound field with the name Mansenberge .
description
The preserved graves
Grave 1
The grave has a barely visible, east-west oriented mound with a length of 23 m and a width of 11 m. The burial chamber, which is an aisle grave, is located here . It has a length of 12 m and a width of 1.6 m. The corridor located in the middle of the southern long side has a length of 3.5 m and a width of 0.7 m. In its original state, the grave had seven wall stones on the northern and eight on the southern long side, one end stone each on the narrow sides and seven cap stones. The long corridor consisted of three pairs of wall stones and three cap stones. To the east of the entrance was a niche. The chamber is particularly damaged in its western part. Here the end stone and two wall stones on the south side are still preserved in situ , the fragment of a cap stone lies inside the chamber. In the eastern half there are four wall stones on the north side, the eastern end stone and four girders on the south side in situ, another one is bent outwards. Four more capstones have been preserved here, but these too have all fallen into the chamber. Only the outer third of the corridor has been preserved. The eastern wall stone is still in situ, the western and capstone have fallen over.
Grave 2
The grave has no visible mound, but originally had an oval, stone enclosure, of which Heinrich Bödiker could still make out remains in the early 19th century. The burial chamber is oriented roughly east-west and tapers to the east. Its length is 10 m, the width is 2.4 m in the west and 1.8 m in the east. In its original state, the chamber had six pairs of wall stones on the long sides, one end stone each on the narrow sides and six cap stones. Almost all of the wall stones are still in situ, only the western end stone has been removed. A small blasted piece is even closer to its original position. The eastern capstone broke, but was not removed. All capstones were blown up. Several large pieces are still inside the chamber. Two more small stones lie on the southern long side in front of the second and third wall stone, seen from the east. Müller and Reimers wanted to recognize wall stones of a corridor in it, Sprockhoff, however, considered them to be further fragments of blown cap stones, but did not rule out that there might originally have been a corridor in the middle of the south side. It is therefore not clear whether the grave is a passage grave or a large dolmen . Heinrich Bödiker carried out excavations on the grave at the beginning of the 19th century and found, among other things, a stone ax and a funnel beaker .
The destroyed grave 3
The grave was still relatively well preserved around 1825 and was completely destroyed in the further course of the 19th century. It had an east-west oriented oval mound with a stone enclosure. The hill was 6.7 m long and 4.7 m wide. The burial chamber had six capstones.
literature
- Heinrich Bödiker: Antiquities in the Meppen office. In: Wigand's archive for history and antiquity. Volume 2, 1827, pp. 184, 189-190.
- Johannes Heinrich Müller: Pre-Christian monuments of the Laddrostei districts Lüneburg and Osnabrück in the Kingdom of Hanover. In: Journal of the Historical Association for Lower Saxony. 1864, p. 292.
- Johannes Heinrich Müller, Jacobus Reimers: Pre and early historical antiquities of the province of Hanover. Schulze, Hannover 1893, p. 246 ( PDF; 25.0 MB ).
- Elisabeth Schlicht : The Prehistory of the Hümmling. Part 1. The Stone Age. Unprinted dissertation, Kiel 1942, pp. 177–178.
- Ernst Sprockhoff : Atlas of the megalithic tombs of Germany. Part 3: Lower Saxony - Westphalia. Rudolf-Habelt Verlag, Bonn 1975, ISBN 3-7749-1326-9 , pp. 100-101.