Pit eels

Pit eels
Dysomma anguillare
Systematics
Class : Ray fins (Actinopterygii) Subclass : Neuflosser (Neopterygii) Subclass : Real bony fish (Teleostei) Cohort : Elopomorpha Order : Eel-like (Anguilliformes) Family : Pit eels
Scientific name
Synaphobranchidae
Johnson , 1862

The Pit Eel family (Synaphobranchidae) consists of almost 40 species. They have strong bodies with scales and large jaws with small teeth. The skin is covered with stunted scales. The genus Haptenchelys is an exception here: they are scaly. Characteristic of these eels are the outer gill openings, which lie in a gap-shaped pit on the belly side between the pectoral fins. The larvae have telescopic eyes.

distribution

They occur in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and live in the deep sea between 400 and 2000 m with water temperatures around 5 ° C on average.

nutrition

The diet consists of crabs and fish. Octopus eggs were found in the stomach of Synaphobranchus kaupi , which was caught at a depth of 1000 m.

Systematics

• Subfamily Ilyophinae
  • Genus Atractodenchelys Robins & Robins, 1970
    • Atractodenchelys phrix Robins & Robins, 1970
    • Atractodenchelys robinsorum Karmovskaya, 2003
  • Genus Dysomma Alcock, 1889
    • Dysomma anguillare Barnard, 1923
    • Dysomma alticorpus Fricke et al., 2018
    • Dysomma brevirostre (Facciolà, 1887)
    • Dysomma bucephalus Alcock, 1889
    • Dysomma dolichosomatum Karrer, 1982
    • Dysomma fuscoventralis Karrer & Klausewitz, 1982
    • Dysomma goslinei Robins & Robins, 1976
    • Dysomma longirostrum Chen & Mok, 2001
    • Dysomma melanurum Chen & Weng, 1967
    • Dysomma muciparus (Alcock, 1891)
    • Dysomma opisthoproctus Chen & Mok, 1995
    • Dysomma polycatodon Karrer, 1982
    • Dysomma tridens Robins, Böhlke & Robins in Robins & Robins, 1989
  • Genus Dysommina Ginsburg, 1951
    • Dysommina proboscideus (Lea, 1913)
    • Dysommina rugosa Ginsburg, 1951
  • Genus Ilyophis Gilbert, 1891
    

    Ilyophis brunneus
    • Ilyophis arx Robins in Robins & Robins, 1976
    • Ilyophis blachei Saldanha & Merrett, 1982
    • Ilyophis brunneus Gilbert, 1891
    • Ilyophis nigeli Shcherbachev & Sulak in Sulak & Shcherbachev, 1997
    • Ilyophis robinsae Sulak & Shcherbachev, 1997
    • Ilyophis saldanhai Karmovskaya & Parin, 1999
    • Leptocephalus rostratus Schmidt, 1909
  • Genus Linkenchelys Smith, 1989
    • Linkenchelys multipora Smith, 1989
  • Genus Meadia Böhlke, 1951
    • Meadia abyssalis (Kamohara, 1938)
    • Meadia roseni Mok, Lee & Chan, 1991
  • Genus Thermobiotes Geistdoerfer, 1991
    • Thermobiotes mytilogeiton Geistdoerfer, 1991
• Subfamily Simenchelyinae
  

  Simenchelys parasiticus
  • Genus Simenchelys Gill in Goode & Bean, 1879
    • Parasitic blunt-nosed eel ( Simenchelys parasiticus )
• Subfamily Synaphobranchinae
  • Genus Diastobranchus
    • Diastobranchus capensis Barnard, 1923
  • Genus Haptenchelys Robins & Martin in Robins & Robins, 1976
    • Haptenchelys parviocularis Tashiro & Shinohara, 2014
    • Haptenchelys texis Robins & Martin in Robins & Robins, 1976
  • Genus Histiobranchus Gill, 1883
    

    Histiobranchus bathybius
    • Histiobranchus bathybius (Günther, 1877)
    • Histiobranchus bruuni Castle, 1964
  • Genus Synaphobranchus Johnson, 1862
    

    Synaphobranchus affinis
    • Synaphobranchus affinis Günther, 1877
    • Synaphobranchus australis Regan, 1913
    • Synaphobranchus brevidorsalis Günther, 1887
    • Synaphobranchus capensis (Barnard, 1923)
    • Synaphobranchus kaupii Johnson, 1862
    • Synaphobranchus oregoni Castle, 1960

literature

• Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World , John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7

Web links

Commons : Pit Eels  - Collection of images, videos, and audio files

• Pit eels on Fishbase.org (English)