Basic treaty between Japan and the Republic of Korea
| Basic treaty between Japan and the Republic of Korea | |
|---|---|
| Japanese name | |
| Kanji | 日韓 基本 条約 |
| Hepburn | Nikkan Kihon Joyaku |
| translation | Basic treaty between Japan and Korea |
| Korean name | |
| Hangeul | 한일 기본 조약 |
| Hanja | 韓日 基本 條約 |
| Revised | Hanil Gibon Joyak |
| McCune-Reischauer | Hanil Gipon Choyak |
| translation | Basic treaty between Korea and Japan |
The Basic Treaty between Japan and the Republic of Korea , also known as the Basic Treaty between the Republic of Korea and Japan , was signed in Tokyo on June 22, 1965 in order to establish diplomatic relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea ( South Korea ). After ratification by both states, it came into force on December 18, 1965.
Korea was annexed and colonized by the Japanese Empire in 1910 . One of the successor states to the independence of the Korean Peninsula after the end of World War II was South Korea. Against this background, relations between the two countries are still heavily burdened to this day. The basic contract was an important step towards normalizing relationships. The first preliminary conference between the two countries aimed at normalizing diplomatic relations was held in 1951, and a further seven conferences were held the following year.
The basic treaty, which was concluded as a result of these negotiations in 1965, confirmed that all treaties “ between the Japanese Empire and the Korean Empire on and before August 22, 1910 are already null and void ” and that the government of the Republic of Korea “ the only legitimate [Korean] government ”.
During the negotiations, the positions of the two states diverged most when discussing the validity of the Japan-Korea annexation treaty of August 22, 1910, through which Korea had become a Japanese colony . Japan took (and takes) the view that the treaty only became invalid with the entry into force of the San Francisco Peace Treaty , which would give the legitimacy of the annexation of Korea by the Japanese Empire. South Korea took (and still maintains) the position that the contract itself is also invalid, since the signing took place under Japanese pressure and was therefore illegal.
Finally, an ambiguous formulation was chosen in the Basic Treaty, which is interpreted differently by the two countries to this day. It was noted that the 1910 agreement in particular was "already null and void" and both sides tacitly agreed that this formulation could be interpreted according to their own views. This outcome was caused by the Cold War situation in which both Japan and South Korea were urged by the United States to normalize their relations and had to come to an outcome.
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Individual evidence
- ↑ Glenn D. Hook, Julie Gilson, Christopher W. Hughes, Hugo Dobson: Japan's International Relations. Politics, Economics, and Security. Routledge, London [u. a.] 2001, ISBN 0-415-24097-2 , p. 491 .