Undergraduate studies
As undergraduate degree programs are called, leading to a first university degree lead.
Germany and Austria
Undergraduate courses are the new Bachelor courses as part of the Bologna process .
Consecutive master’s courses , on the other hand, are always postgraduate , i.e. H. A successfully completed undergraduate degree is always required for admission. Further education master’s courses can, under certain circumstances (e.g. aptitude test), also be completed with a completed professional training and several years of professional experience, if the training and professional activity are related to the course.
Undergraduate courses that lead directly to a master’s degree are excluded in Germany by agreement of the Standing Conference.
Diploma courses have also been carried out as undergraduate courses in some federal states after the introduction of the Bologna Process, for example, the TU Chemnitz has been offering the diploma course in Mathematics again since the 2018/19 winter semester ( see also: Diploma # Bologna Process in Germany ).
United Kingdom
In the UK education system , undergraduate programs are referred to as undergraduate studies . The term comes from the English under (= under) and the verb to graduate , the modern meaning of which is the acquisition of a first university degree . The courses usually last three (Basic Bachelor), more rarely four or five ( Bachelor Honors ) years. Master's courses and doctoral courses , on the other hand, are referred to as graduate studies (more rarely also postgraduate studies ); they usually last one ( course-based master ), two or three ( research-based master ) years.
In England and Scotland, Masters degrees in undergraduate studies are also sometimes awarded, lasting three or four years. Achieving a first university degree with the grade First Class , Upper Second Class , or Lower Second Class is the prerequisite for being admitted to the second study phase ( postgraduate studies ).
USA and Canada
Undergraduate programs are part of tertiary education in the USA and Canada , and more generally of post-secondary education . Admission requirements are usually a high school diploma .
The program can be completed at a university or college. The degree designations and duration of study are not uniformly regulated, the quality of teaching and the skills of the graduates vary greatly between the universities; The university ranking can be named as a "consistent evaluation system" . For example, apply for decades, according to World's Best Universities the Harvard University in the US and the McGill University in Canada as the best university in each of their countries.
The basic forms of the most common academic degrees in the sense of a "(single) subject" training or vocational training at colleges are the associate degree and the bachelor's degree , with a duration of 2 or 3 or (less often) 4 years, in the sense of a scientific one Education at universities, the Bachelor Honors (at least four years of diploma studies with a Bachelor thesis). As a rule, it is not possible to switch from a job-specific Associate Degree or Bachelor to an academic Bachelor Honors program while studying . In addition, the Bachelor Honors , in contrast to other Bachelor or Undergraduate variants, also entitle you to Ph.D. under certain conditions. -Courses.
The students of these courses are called undergraduates , in some places the students of the individual years are called freshmen (or more recently first year students ) (first year), sophomores (second year), juniors (third year) and seniors (fourth year). Master's degree programs as the second phase of study and doctoral degree programs, on the other hand, are referred to as graduate studies (more rarely also postgraduate studies ) and are usually offered at universities. Master’s courses last one to two (course-based, “one-subject” or non-thesis), or two to three (master with research-based thesis) years. Admission requirements for scientific master’s courses (less often also directly to PhD programs) at top institutions are a university bachelor’s honor with at least cum laude degree, the submission of a detailed letter of motivation and a scientific master’s thesis proposal .
Comparability with Europe
The more frequent three-year and less often four-year bachelor's degree with (basic) specialist training without academic work are generally considered to be equivalent to the Bologna bachelor's degree, the academic bachelor's degree honors as equivalent to the traditional diploma and master's degree and the consecutive five-year Bologna master's degree .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Information on Bachelor and Master courses of the Ministry of Science, Research and the Arts Baden-Württemberg ( Memento of the original from January 3, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b Kultusministerkonferenz (Ed.): The Education System in the Federal Republic of Germany, 2006
- ↑ Hessisches Hochschulgesetz, new version 2010 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Hessian Higher Education Act, valid since 2010, § 16 Continuing Education
- ↑ More math thanks to a diploma: TU Chemnitz will be offering the modularised diploma course in mathematics from the coming winter semester. In: www.tu-chemnitz.de. January 9, 2018, accessed October 27, 2019 .
- ^ Diploma in Mathematics (Dipl.-Math.). In: www.tu-chemnitz.de. January 9, 2018, accessed October 27, 2019 .
- ↑ z. B. Master of Arts in Celtic Civilization, University of Aberdeen, Scotland ( Memento of the original from July 23, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. or Master of Chemistry, University of Oxford, England ( Memento of the original from October 14, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
