Group of 24s

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The group of 24s ( Japanese 24 年 組Nijūyonen Gumi ) is the name for female comic artists who revolutionized the Shōjo manga from 1969 onwards .

Style and influence

The 24s were named after the year most of them were born, Shōwa 24 (1949). They established new themes and motifs and used unconventional drawing techniques that were geared towards aesthetics and emotions. The inspiration, especially for Yumiko Ōshima and Moto Hagio , was Romantic and Art Nouveau painting . The 24s were decisive that from the 1970s onwards, manga for girls were almost exclusively drawn by women.

Riyoko Ikeda's The Roses of Versailles (1972–1973) was particularly successful and influential . In the 1800-page manga, the focus is on Oscar Francois de Jarjayes , a fictional character at the time of the French Revolution . She behaves and dresses like a man and works as a general for the French king. She eventually dies for the revolution.

Some of the 24s put boys in the foreground of most of their girls' comics and involved them, influenced by the French film Heimliche Freundschaften (1964), among other things , in homoerotic love affairs, making them the founders of the Shōnen-Ai and Yaoi manga. "Far from the reality of homosexual relationships, here the longing of girls for the other, the 'twin' in themselves, is projected onto homophile youths." In Moto Hagios Thomas no Shinzō (1973–1975), the one at a European boys' school At the beginning of the 20th century, the fourteen-year-old Thomas commits suicide and declares his love for his classmate Yuri in his farewell letter. Keiko Takemiya attracted media attention in 1976 when she published the first episode of her manga series Kaze to Ki no Uta , in which a sex scene between two men occurs on the first pages.

Hagio and Takemiya were also one of the first women to successfully create science fiction stories in manga form.

The meeting point for the group of 24 was the Ōizumi Salon (大 泉 サ ロ ン) in Tokyo, a small building in which Moto Hagio and Keiko Takemiya lived from 1970 to 1973.

Members

There is no "official" list of 24s. However, three artists - Moto Hagio, Keiko Takemiya and Yumiko Ōshima - are always named. Ryōko Yamagishi , Minori Kimura , Toshie Kihara , Yasuko Aoike , Riyoko Ikeda, Nanae Sasaya , Machiko Satonaka and Mineko Yamada are also frequently named as members of the 24 movement .

The successors of the 24s are Wakako Mizuki , Yasuko Sakata , Shio Satō and Yukiko Kai .

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Berndt, p. 111.
  2. ↑ Berndt, p. 115
  3. ↑ a b Interview with Moto Hagio, conducted by Matt Thorn
  4. ↑ a b Berndt, p. 114
  5. ↑ Matt Thorn: What are Shoujo Manga?
  6. ↑ Berndt, p. 188.