Gutleutanlage (Mosbach)
The Gutleutanlage in Mosbach is a late medieval ensemble of Gutleuthaus (house for lepers), Elendshaus and Gutleutkapelle. The complex was once located north of the city walls, served different purposes throughout history and today forms the attractive entrance area of the Mosbach cemetery, which was established around 1520.
history
The manor house was probably built in the 13th or 14th century, at the time of leprosy as a people's epidemic, in front of the Upper Gate of the city of Mosbach as accommodation for lepers and was later supplemented by a second house, the misery house. The first documentary mention of both houses took place in 1418 in a deed of foundation of the canon Diether von Grünsfeld, at which time probably no more lepers were accommodated and both houses were already urban poor , infirmary and guest houses . The miserable house was renovated in the 16th century and served as a hostel for foreigners. Both houses are half-timbered.
According to some sources, the Gutleut Chapel, a rectangular, towerless sandstone building with a small choir to the east, was donated by Johanna von Bayern , the wife of Count Palatine Otto I , between 1430 and 1440 . Other sources name the foundation year 1479 and the donor Vogt Anselm von Eicholzheim. The original entrance of the chapel was on the south side, in 1509 a portal facing the two half-timbered houses was created with the pointed arched entrance door.
Around 1520, today's Mosbacher Friedhof was created directly to the east of the Gutleut chapel instead of an inner-city cemetery. Due to the growth of the city of Mosbach, the facility, which was originally outside the city walls, is now in the city area.
In the course of history, the buildings of the Gutleutanlage served various purposes, for example, when the Neckarelz – Osterburken railway was built after 1860, a hospital for railway workers was set up in the miserable house and the Gutleutkapelle served as a municipal morgue for a long time. In 1936 the plant was opened by Dr. Lacroix restored by the Monument Office. Today the Gutleuthaus and Elendshaus are used as residential houses, the chapel serves as a cemetery and wedding chapel as well as for various cultural purposes.
Gutleutkapelle
The Gutleut Chapel is a towerless, rectangular sandstone building with an east-facing choir . The pointed arched portal on the west side dates from 1509, on the south side an older entrance can still be seen today. To the left above the portal on the west side is another walled-in door that leads to the gallery inside . It is not known whether this walled-up door once formed the access to the gallery with an external staircase or whether there was once an external pulpit accessible from the gallery . On the right side of the triumphal arch to the choir there was once a pulpit inside, but only a few sandstone steps of the staircase remain. A historical epitaph is embedded in the floor of the choir.
The Gutleut Chapel contains numerous wall paintings from around 1500. The so-called “tapestry” on the north wall is dated 1496 and shows the Passion in twelve pictures , the glorification of Jesus in four pictures and a baptism scene. The window reveals of the adjoining window show a tendril ornament and St. James the Elder . On the south wall there is a large representation of the martyrdom of the ten thousand, to which three small pictures (Archangel Michael with soul scales, Apostle Andreas and St. Ursula of Cologne with virgins) are added. The triumphal arch to the choir shows on the left a crucifixion scene with Mary and John , on the right a Madonna with the child between Peter and a bishop, including the donor family. St. Christopher can be seen above the walled up door on the south wall , the vaulted fields of the choir ceiling are painted with the four evangelist symbols and tendril ornaments.
The keystone in the choir shows the donor's coat of arms. Most of the original twelve consecration crosses on the walls of the church are also well preserved . During one of the most recent renovations, historical red chalk scribbles were uncovered, which were probably left on the church walls by craftsmen or pilgrims a long time ago.
Tapestry from 1496
St. Christopher
Martyrdom of the Ten Thousand
Remains of the pulpit stairs
There are numerous historical tombstones and epitaphs around the Gutleut Chapel . The medieval epitaphs on the south side of the chapel originally come from the Mosbach Simultankirche , the tombstones on the north side are partly relics of graves actually located on the chapel wall and partly worth preserving tombstones of Mosbach dignitaries and originals, such as the tombstone of the Mosbach original and goatherd "Geeße Heiner" (Heinrich Streibich, 1868–1949).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Source for Johanna's Foundation: Information brochure available on site
- ↑ Ernst and Dorothea breaks: The Mosbach book , published by leaves, Elztal-Dallau 1987
Web links
Coordinates: 49 ° 21 '34 " N , 9 ° 9' 0.2" E