Hemangioblast

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Hemangioblasts are believed to be common progenitor cells of endothelial cells and blood cells . They are therefore multipotent stem cells . In the course of further differentiation , the hemangioblasts initially produce either endothelial progenitor cells or blood cells, possibly also hematopoietic stem cells . The latter are the starting point for blood cell formation ( hematopoiesis ).

Hemangioblasts were originally described in embryonic development , where they develop from the mesoderm and occur in the yolk sac . The current model for embryonic blood cell formation assumes that they actually exist here. In contrast, blood stem cells in the AGM region of the embryo do not develop from hemangioblasts, but from special endothelial cells ( hemogenic endothelial cells ) that line the aorta.

The assumption of hemangioblasts is supported by experiments on embryonic stem cells , during the differentiation of which precursor cells were found that had both hematopoietic and endothelial development potential. Vascular smooth muscle cells could also be generated from these cells, known as BL-CFC (blast colony forming cells) .

There is evidence that hemangioblasts are also found in adult individuals.

The existence of hemangioblasts was first suggested by Louis-Antoine Ranvier in 1874 .

Hemangioblasts are not the affected cells in hemangioblastoma , a tumor in which differentiated cells begin to proliferate.

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  1. ↑ a b c A. Cumano, I. Godin: Ontogeny of the hematopoietic system . In: Annual review of immunology . tape 25 , 2007, p. 745-785 , doi : 10.1146 / annurev.immunol.25.022106.141538 , PMID 17201678 .
  2. ^ MF de Bruijn, X. Ma, C. Robin, K. Ottersbach, MJ Sanchez, E. Dzierzak: Hematopoietic stem cells localize to the endothelial cell layer in the midgestation mouse aorta . In: Immunity . tape 16 , no. 5 , May 2002, pp. 673-683 , PMID 12049719 .
  3. ↑ HK Mikkola, SH Orkin: The journey of developing hematopoietic stem cells . In: Development . tape 133 , no. October 19 , 2006, p. 3733-3744 , doi : 10.1242 / dev.02568 , PMID 16968814 .
  4. ^ S. Loges et al: Identification of the Adult Hemangioblast . In: Stem Cells and Development . tape 13 , no. 1 , 2004, p. 229-242 , doi : 10.1089 / 154732804323099163 , PMID 15186719 .