Hadrianeum
The Hadrianeum ( Italian Tempio di Adriano ) is the name given to the imposing remains of a temple in the Piazza di Pietra in Rome , which was inaugurated in 145 by his successor Antoninus Pius in honor of the deified Roman emperor Hadrian . In ancient sources also is called the "Temple of Hadrian" sometimes Mausoleum Hadrian, the Castel Sant'Angelo , respectively.
The temple, built in the Corinthian style , originally consisted of presumably 13 white marble columns on each long side and 8 on the narrow side. This can be reconstructed from the classic type of octastyle peripteros . The columns reach a maximum diameter of 1.44 meters and reach a height of almost 15 meters. The podium of the temple was 4 meters high, 27 meters wide and 45 meters long. A wide staircase led up to the east facing temple.
Like the cella , the podium was made of peperin . It is very likely that it was covered with marble slabs. The sanctuary was embedded in a quadriporticus measuring 108 × 98 meters. Inside the cella there were once relief plates with personified representations of Roman provinces as well as some weapon reliefs referring to them.
What remains of the temple, which once framed the Mark Aurel column together with the temple of Mark Aurel , are only 11 of the probably formerly 13 Corinthian columns on the northern long side of the ring hall along with parts of the entablature , the northern cella wall with remaining anchor marks from the former cladding panels and the mighty podium. Already in the 17th century only these parts seem to have been left, because by order of Pope Innocent XII. the ruins of the former pagan temple were integrated into a new customs house, which was built in the typical baroque style . When the customs office was relocated to the train station towards the end of the 19th century, Virgino Vespignani redesigned the facility in 1878 as the seat of the Roman stock exchange and the Chamber of Commerce next to it. The building still has these functions today. In the course of the renovation work in 1878 and 1928, the still preserved ancient columns and the cella wall were exposed again. By the end of 2008, the column front was completely renovated.
literature
- Jon Albers: Campus Martius. The urban development of the Field of Mars from the Republic to the Middle Imperial Period. Reichert, Wiesbaden 2013, ISBN 978-3-89500-921-1 .
- John W. Stamper: The Architecture of Roman Temples. The Republic to the Middle Empire , Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, May 2008.
Web links
Individual evidence
Coordinates: 41 ° 53 ′ 59.6 " N , 12 ° 28 ′ 45.7" E