Hakim Jamal

Hakim Abdullah Jamal (born Allen Donaldson) (born March 28, 1931 - May 1, 1973 ) was an African American activist. He collaborated with activist Michael X and wrote From the Dead Level , a memo of Malcolm X's memories . Jamal was shot dead in 1973 after internal disputes in the Black Power Movement .

Jamal was a drug addict as a teenager and spent four years in prison. His violent temper led to his being admitted to a mental institution after two murder attempts. He later studied the teachings of the Nation of Islam and called himself Hakim Jamal from then on . He became one of the movement's spokesmen and wrote articles in various newspapers about its goals. Jamal was the cousin of Malcolm X. After he left the Nation of Islam, Jamal supported his decision and criticized Elijah Muhammad .

After the death of Malcom X, he and Maulana Karenga founded the " US ", an organization of black nationalism that wanted to strengthen the unity of Afro-Americans in a return to their African roots.

On May 1, 1973, four African American men broke into Jamal's apartment in Boston and shot him dead. The police assumed a revenge murder because of his dispute with Elijah Muhammad. In addition to his political commitment, Jamal also gained a certain fame through his romances with Jean Seberg , Diana Athill and Gale Benson . In the biopic Jean Seberg - Against all Enemies from 2019 he is played by Anthony Mackie .

Publications

Hakim A. Jamal (1972): From The Dead Level: Malcolm X and Me. New York: Random House. ISBN 978-0-394-46234-9 .

Individual evidence

1. ^ ^{A b} Scott Brown, Fighting for US: Maulana Karenga, the US organization, and Black cultural nationalism , NYU Press, 2003, p.38
2. ^ Special To the New York Times: Black Leader Slain By Boston Gunmen; Muslim Feud Hinted . In: The New York Times . May 3, 1973, ISSN  0362-4331 ( nytimes.com [accessed January 19, 2018]).