Hildebrandston
The Hildebrandston sound or the Hildebrandsstrophe is a stanza form similar to the Nibelungenstrophe . A stanza consists of four long lines rhymed in pairs with an on and off verse, but in contrast to the Nibelungen strophe, the last ab verse has three (not four) accents like the previous ones. The shape is named after the younger Hildebrand's song . It is also used in Hürnen Seyfrit . The stanza scheme is:
3w (4 kl) / 3ma 3w (4 kl) / 3ma 3w (4 kl) / 3mb 3w (4 kl) / 3mb
The Anverse are dreihebig (or with female four beats with bands) end of a verse and the Abverse are dreihebig (monosyllabic) with a male end of a verse. The long lines are rhymed in pairs . The first stanza of the younger Hildebrand's song as an example:
'I want to ride out to land,'
said maister Hiltebrant,
'who will show me the way to
Bern and into the lant;
I do not know what to do for many a good
day,
in between two and thirty years
I will never talk. '
In the Middle High German heroic epic Alphart's death , both types of stanzas appear side by side.
Verse 149 is a Nibelung verse :
The answer to the winds / Herzoch Wolffing at hand;
Because I have güt from keyser / lant and
jch han the solt entpfangen, / the Lechte Golt so red,
he wan my gebüdet, / so would have I ryd s in dye not . ' (4 stressed syllables in the last verse)
Translation: Duke Wolfing immediately replied vehemently: "I have property and land from the emperor, I have received the wages, the shiny gold so red, if he commands me, I must in ride the need (of struggle).
Verse 392 in Hildebrandston reads:
So the lyechte tomorrow / came to the Hymel ,
because stont vff myt care / forestry lbesam
the degen küne, / as jne dye care betzwang
wan jm dye heroes Kemen / dye wi le what jm long (only three stressed syllables in the last Abvers )
translation: When he appeared bright morning sky, there stood the rühmenswee Prince on with concern, the brave hero, such as concern forced him. When the heroes would come to him - the time was long for him.
The rhyme between the first two verses that occurs here is not compulsory in Hildebrand's tone, it is only possible. Only when Heunenweise he is present in all Anversen. The widespread stanza form of the cross- rhymed eight-line stanzas arose from the Heunenweise with the elimination of an elevation in the anvers as follows:
3wa 3mb 3wa 3mb 3wc 3md 3wc 3md
This form was very popular in German folk song, in sacred song poetry ( Command you your ways and O head full of blood and wounds by Paul Gerhardt ), then in art poetry of the Romantic period and up to poetry of the modern age. Andreas Heusler stated: "Of the old German forms that go beyond four short verses, not a second has achieved this spread in time and space." A modern version of the stanza form in Gottfried Benn then looks like this:
Dynamics - Born of the waves,
tidal lap of space.
Night -: and the stars moved,
night -: and the stars fall -
exciters of moments,
sporadic vertical
swing of the form indifferent
to partial attachment : [...]
From Hildebrandston or Heunenweise, the so-called half Hildebrandston developed as a two-line (half) form and from it the cross- rhymed quatrain from iambic three-way cadence with alternating female and male cadenza , one of the most popular stanzas in German in folk songs and later also in art poetry. Well-known examples include Am Brunnen vor dem Tore by Wilhelm Müller and Der König in Thule by Goethe .
literature
- Horst Joachim Frank : Handbook of the German strophic forms. 2nd Edition. Francke, Tübingen & Basel 1993, ISBN 3-7720-2221-9 , pp. 573-579.
- Joachim Heinzle: Introduction to Middle High German Dietrichepik . Berlin: de Gruyter 1999, ISBN 3-11-015094-8 , p. 145 ff. (P. 84 f.)
- Otto Knörrich: Lexicon of lyrical forms (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 479). 2nd, revised edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-520-47902-8 , p. 94 f ..
- Fritz Schlawe: The German stanza forms. Systematic-chronological register of German poetry 1600–1950. In: Repertories on German literary history. Volume 5. Metzler, Stuttgart 1972, ISBN 3-476-00243-8 , pp. 440-442.
- Gero von Wilpert : Subject dictionary of literature. 8th edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 2013, ISBN 978-3-520-84601-3 , p. 341.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ludwig Uhland: Old High and Low German folk songs. Cotta, 1844, p. 330, digitized .
- ↑ Quoted from: Knörrich: Lexikon lyrischer Formen. 2nd Edition. Stuttgart 2005, p. 95.
- ↑ Gottfried Benn: Dynamics. In: Collected Works. Volume 3: Poems. Limes, Wiesbaden 1960, p. 97.
- ↑ Horst Joachim Frank : Handbook of the German strophic forms. 2nd Edition. Francke, Tübingen & Basel 1993, ISBN 3-7720-2221-9 , p. 106 f.