Hans Cauer (chemist)

Hans Cauer

Hans Cauer (born July 7, 1899 in Kreuznach , † January 18, 1962 in Berlin ) was a German chemist . His main research interests were the effects of trace substances on the human organism and chemical climatology , the founder of which he can be considered.

Live and act

Hans Cauer was the only son of the sculptor Hugo Cauer, the creator of important sculptures. The Cauer family has produced well-known sculptors and painters over generations.

After military service and imprisonment, Cauer began studying at the Agricultural University of Weihenstephan in 1921 and continued this later at the University of Gießen, where he passed the diploma examination for agriculture in 1923. He then studied chemistry, physics and physical chemistry. The conclusion was the doctorate to Dr. phil. in 1929. As a doctoral student, he worked on the effects of trace substances on the human organism.

He researched the relationship between iodine deposits and the occurrence of goiter, and this research took him across Europe. He was at home in many universities and other scientific institutes.

A new branch of research emerged from this work, "chemical climatology", of which Cauer is considered to be the founder. He initially conducted research at the Kerckhoff Institute in Bad Nauheim and later as a chemistry advisor in Berlin. He developed microchemical detection methods for the analysis of atmospheric aerosol and gaseous trace substances. These methods allow quantitative determinations of active ingredient concentrations and thus the biological assessment of various components of atmospheric suspended matter. Shortly before the Second World War , Hans Cauer was awarded the Emil Bastian Prize for his research on pool science.

During the Second World War, the results of Cauer's research were used for practical purposes, such as the air conditioning of submarines or the development of breath filters. U-boat construction owed the detoxification and degassing of the submarine air to his inventions, thereby enabling longer diving times. These procedures were adopted by the US Navy after the war and used in their fleet. The Americans officially thanked him for this in 1948.

With the help of the Americans, Cauer was able to continue his scientific work after the war in Bavaria, where he extended his research to unexplained questions about atmospheric ozone and the principles of air chemistry investigations. This was of particular importance as the emission of anthropogenic and industrial aerosols increased sharply. At the beginning of the 1950s, Cauer researched the Kluterthöhle near Ennepetal in detail and pointed out its therapeutic usability. In this context he drew attention to aerosol inhalation and put his knowledge to the service of combating and preventing silicosis . As head of the research facility for air and aerosol chemistry in Bochum, he carried out air hygiene studies. A research laboratory and large test facilities were made available to Cauer at the Hannibal colliery in Bochum. It was to his particular merit that those suffering from pneumonia (silicotics) often lost their symptoms for many months, they were improved or their disease could be brought to a standstill.

In his final years he returned to Berlin, where he carried out research on comparative studies of radioactivity and residue levels in areosol condensates on behalf of the Max Planck Institute until his sudden death.

Publications

• Report of studies on the iodine content of the air in the high mountains (Hoher Sonnblick) 3106 m. XXXIX. Annual d. Sonnblickvereins, Vienna, pp. 17-20 (1930).
• The iodine of the air in the high mountains. XL. Annual report d. Sonnblickvereins, Vienna, pp. 20-27 (1931).
• About the iodine in the air, chemistry, transport and bioclimatic significance. Z. physics. Ther. 43, 3: 135-147 (1932).
• Control and standardization of inhalers on the basis of air analyzes. Z. f. Spa Science 2: 309 (1932/33).
• The iodine in the air, its chemical behavior and its bioclimatic significance. R. Schoetz, Berlin (1933).
• Variations in the composition of the atmospheric air. Lecture February 4, 1933. d. Physics. Frankfurt / Main Association (1933).
• Chemical climatology. The Balneologist 1, 5: 242-245 (1934).
• Sampling device for chemical-climatic and technical air investigations. Z. Analyt. Chemie 103, 5/6: 166-180 (1935).
• Determination of the total oxidation value, nitrite, ozone and total chlorine content of raw and poisoned air. Z. Analyt. Chemie 103, 9/10: 321-334 and 11/12: 385-416 (1935).
• Determination of the iodine of the air. Z. Analyt. Chemie 104, 5/6: 161-169 (1936).
• Chemical-bioclimatic studies in the High Tatras and their foreland. The Balneologist 3, 1: 7-23 (1936).
• The nature of the air near graduation towers. The Balneologist 3, 12: 555-561 (1936).
• Experiments on influencing the oxidation value of the air by artificial atomization. The Balneologist 4, 5: 209-214 (1937).
• Possibilities and ways to study chemically bioclimatic questions. The Balneologist 4, 6: 286-292 (1937).
• Chemical-bioclimatic studies in Brittany (influence of the Central European iodine milieu by the Breton iodine industry via the air). Biochemical Journal 292,1 / 2: 116-140 (1937).
• Chemical-bioclimatic studies in the Glatzer Bergland. The Balneologist 4, 12: 545-565 (1937).
• Chemical-bioclimatic studies in Brittany. (U. communication). Biochem Z . 299: 69-91 (1938).
• Something about the influence of the sea on the chemistry of the air. The Balneologist 5, 9: 409-415 (1938).
• together with E. Quitman n: Process for the chemical analysis of the mist cores of the air. Z. Analyt. Chemie 116, 3/4: 81 (1939).
• Biologically important chemical impurities in the air. Organisms and Environment, pp. 158-165, Steinkopff Verlag, Dresden (1939).
• Oil and oil-like constituents in the air. Angewandte Chemie 53: 171-172 (1940).
• Chemical studies on the importance of rock dust particles as sublimation nuclei in the free atmosphere. Bioclimatic supplements 3/4: 90-92 (1941).
• together with G. Cauer: Studies on the chemistry of the fog cores in Oberschreiberhau. The Balneologist 8, 12: 345-353 (1941).
• together with G. Cauer: The determination of the magnesium in the nebula cores. Z. Analyt. Chemie 124, 3/4: 80-85 (1942).
• together with G. Cauer: The magnesium chloride of the fog cores. The Balneologist 9, 10: 301-309 (1942).
• The pH of the nebulae and the ozone of air near the ground. Font no. d. German Bath verb. 2: 1-7 (1948).
• Chemistry of the atmosphere. Natural science. u. Med. I. Germany. B. 19, 277-291, from 1939 to 1946, Verlag Dietrich, Wiesbaden (1949).
• Chemical climatology of the trace substances in the air of submarines. Submarine Monograph, Washington (1949).
• Trace substances of exhaled air. Submarine Monograph, Washington (1949).
• Results of chemical-meteorological research. Arch. D. Meteorology, geophys. u. Bioklimat. BI series, 3/4: 221-256 (1949).
• Influenza and chemistry of the air. Border areas d. Med. 2, 6: 240-244 (1949).
• Allergy and chemistry of the air. Ber. Medical training course, Bad Salzuflen (1949).
• Chemical-bioclimatic studies in Königstein im Taunus. Arch. Physics. Ther. 1, 2: 87-102 (1949).
• Chemical trace substances in the high mountain air and on the North Sea coast. Arch. Phys. Ther. 3, 1: 42-45 (1951) and excerpt in publication no. German Baths Issue 7 (1950).
• Chemical studies on electrically charged spray from the Wiesbaden Kochbrunnen. Ancient healing power, Wiesbaden (1951).
• Some problems of atmospheric chemistry. Compendium of Meteorology, Boston 1126-1136 (1951).
• together with N. Neymann: The Barthel-Küster inhalation system at the Hannibal colliery and the inhalation of calcium brine against silicosis complaints. Arch. Physics. Ther. 4, 3: 243-255 (1952) and BergmänISCHE Z. "Glückauf" 87.43 / 44: 1011-1017 (1951).
• Physico-chemical basics of aerosol therapy. Ceramic magazine 4, 5: (1952).
• together with N. Neymann: New investigations in the field of electro-aerosol inhalation. Staub H. 33: 273-307 (1953).
• Chemical-meteorological and chemical-climatic studies in the field of air hygiene. Promotion of applied research by the Fraunhofer Society, Munich, pp. 30–32 (1953).
• Physico-chemical properties of natural and artificial aerosols. Die pneumonia diseases 2: 340-351 (1954).
• Physico-chemical processes in the condensation of water vapor in the free atmosphere. Geofisica pura e applicata, Milano, Vol. 28, pp. 199-207 (1954).
• Chemical-physical observations when the Lenard effect occurs. Suspended matter technical workshop in Mainz, pp. 32-, 33 (1954). Published as a manuscript by 1. Phys. Inst. D. Univ. Mainz.
• Large nozzles for generating mist for inhalation and dust control. Examples of applied research. Fraunhofer-Ges. z. Promotion d. Applied research pp. 31-36, Munich (1955).
• Research work in the field of aerosol technology and air chemistry at the Hannibal research facility. Z. Aerosol Research. u. Ther. 4, 2: 147-157 (1955).
• About the chemistry of the air you breathe during inhalation, especially electro-inhalation. Z. Aerosol Research. u. -Ther. 4,4: 310-347 (1955).
• The pH values ​​of aerosols and precipitation and their air hygiene and bioclimatic significance as indicators. Z. Aerosol Research. u. -Ther. 5,6: 459-508 (1956). 6
• Bioclimatic significance of electroaerosols. Lecturer a. Paris meeting d. Intern. Soc. of bioclimatology 1956. 2. Aerosol-Forsch. u. -Ther. 7, 3: 224-232 (1958).
• Bioclimatic significance and recording of potential aerosols. Lecture 2nd Aerosol Congress Bad Lippspringe. Ztsch. Aerosol research u. -Ther. 7, 1: 35-47 (1958).
• Bioclimatic significance of potential aerosols. Lecture a. Vienna conference d. Intern. Soc. of Bioclimatologr 1957. Bundesgesundheitsblatt 11: 168-169 (1958).
• together with Holzapfel, Hesse, Reiter: About the occurrence of molybdate-active silica in natural aerosols. Die Naturwissenschaften 45, 7: 160 (1958).
• also with crab apple, rider: on the detection of increased radioactivity in aerosol condensates. Die Naturwissenschaften 45, 7: 158-160 (1958).
• together with Holzapfel, Hesse, Reiter: Comparative studies on the radioactivity and residue amount in aerosol condensates. Atomic Nuclear Energy 4, 3: 107-111 (1959).
• together with Holzapfel, Hesse, Reiter: Comparative investigation of some chemically detectable impurities in aerosol condensates taken in Berlin-Dahlem, Bochum, Norderney and Farchant. Z. Aerosol Research. u. -Ther. 8, 2: 174-201 (1959).
• The biological importance of reaction mechanisms of suspended solids and gases in industrial air. Lecture given at the 4th Aerosol Congress Bad Lippspringe (1961)
• Advances in Biological Aerosol Research in 1957-1961, F.-K. Schattauer-Verlag, Stuttgart, pp. 275-282.
• Air pollution controls chemically seen bioclimatically. Health Gazette 26: 410-413 (1960).
• The importance of air purity controls for bioclimatic research. Lecture at the conference in Braunlage 1961. Heilbad und Kurort 8 (1961).

literature

• Jochen Brenneke: Hunter - Hunted. German submarines 1939–1945. The longest battle in World War II. 7th revised and significantly expanded edition. Koehler, Herford 1989, ISBN 3-7822-0409-3 .

Web links

• Literature by and about Hans Cauer in the catalog of the German National Library
• Everything about Dr. Hans Caurer .de , accessed on October 29, 2010