Hans Haberl
Hans Haberl (born March 5, 1924 in Munich ; † December 19, 2016 ) was a young German resistance fighter against National Socialism from Grafing near Munich ; he belonged to the circle around Walter Klingenbeck . Haberl was sentenced to death on September 24, 1942 "for treasonous favoring the enemy, preparation for high treason and blackmailing", but was pardoned on July 19, 1943 to 8 years in prison.
Childhood, school days, vocational training
Hans Haberl was born on March 5, 1924 as the son of the Grafingen grocer Johann Haberl and his wife Kreszenz, a born Huber, in Munich. From the 1st to the 6th grade he attended elementary school in Grafing; in the 7th and 8th grade the elementary school with the student dormitory of the Barmherzigen Brüder in Algasing near Dorfen. At home and in schools, Haberl experienced an intense Catholic-religious stamp.
Haberl first completed a commercial apprenticeship at F. Scharff in Munich, then at the Edeka wholesaler and completed the apprenticeship with the journeyman's examination. During this time he lived in the Catholic apprentice home Salesianum. In his spare time, Haberl occupies himself with electrical equipment, attends courses with the German amateur broadcast and reception service and specializes in high-frequency technology . On November 1, 1941, Haberl took up a position as a high-frequency technician at Anders und Co. in Munich and plans to become an engineer. In the Salesianum, Haberl befriends the aero engine fitter apprentice Erwin Eidel and shares an apartment with him at Zweigstrasse 7 / I.
Resistance work
In the business school, Haberl met the apprentice and classmate Walter Klingenbeck , who was also interested in radio technology, as Haberl was deeply Catholic and rejects the church policy measures of the Nazi regime ("Crucifix Decree" of the Bavarian Minister of Education, Adolf Wagner, April 1941) .
Haberl visits Klingenbeck several times in his apartment at Amalienstraße 44 / I and listens with him to German-language news from the London radio ( BBC ) and other stations (" enemy stations ").
Klingenbeck informs Haberl about the "V-Action" planned and carried out by him according to a BBC call. In September 1941, Klingenbeck painted large V-signs with black waste oil on around 40 buildings in Munich; Haberl did not take part in the action for fear of discovery.
Haberl supports Klingenbeck in drafting the text of leaflets to promote the overthrow goal.
In the fall of 1941, Haberl and Klingenbeck built a small transmitter and tried to transmit it between Munich and Haberl's family home in Grafingen.
Denunciation, arrest, questioning, conviction
The Munich radio owner Klara Dietmayer denounced Klingenbeck to the Gestapo ; as a result, he was arrested on January 26, 1941 and Haberl on January 29, 1941. Haberl is questioned five times. In his first interrogations, he tried to deny himself responsibility for the "anti-state activity" that he was accused of. Only in his fourth interrogation did he admit that he had acted not only out of an interest in radio technology, but that he was “internally opposed to the National Socialist state”. Parents, school and his surroundings have made him "a very religious person".
After his first confession, Haberl submitted several letters in the first months of 1942 to the Gestapo clerk Krüger, and later to the youth prosecutor, in which he tried to create the impression that he wanted to support the Nazi system and also tried to take responsibility for to pass on the acts accused of the resistance group.
On September 24, 1942, the 2nd Senate of the People's Court, chaired by Vice President Karl Engert, hears the case of "Klingenbeck and others" in the courtroom of the Palace of Justice in Munich. Haberl, Klingenbeck and von Recklinghausen are sentenced to death, although they are minors, “for treasonous enemy favoring, preparation for high treason and blackmailing”, the other group member Eidel receives a penalty of eight “for failing to report a highly treasonable company, listening to foreign radio stations and aiding in blackmailing” Years penitentiary. The fact that all four defendants were still young people at the time of the acts they are charged with is brushed aside by the court with the argument that the victims, although they are called "rascals" and "snot boys" in court, are "theirs." spiritual and moral development after a person over 18 years old should be respected ”. Several requests for clemency are rejected.
pardon
On August 2, 1943, Haberl and von Recklinghausen were informed in the Stadelheim execution prison that they had been informed by Reich Justice Minister Dr. Otto Thierack had been pardoned and that her death sentence was commuted to eight years in prison. Walter Klingenbeck was informed three days later, on August 5, 1943, that he, as the leader of the resistance group, would be executed with the guillotine that same day. In a farewell letter to Haberl, he writes:
- “Dear Jonny! I heard about your pardon earlier. Congratulations! However, my application has been rejected. Ergo it goes there. Don't take it tragically. You are through. That's worth a lot. I have just received the sacraments and now I am completely composed. If you want to do something for me, pray a few Our Father's. Goodbye Walter. "
In 1944, while in custody, Haberl succeeded in using smuggled materials to build a tiny receiver the size of a matchbox. With this he breaks through the isolation from the outside world for himself and his fellow prisoners.
After the Americans marched into Munich on May 1, 1945, Haberl, von Recklinghausen and Eidel were released from Stadelheim prison.
post war period
After his release from prison, Haberl went back to his home town of Grafing. From June 1952 he ran a radio repair shop in his parents' house in Grafing (Bahnhofstrasse). From this a retail business for radio, TV and electronics including a development laboratory developed, which existed until 1983. He operated his own radio station (radio sign DA2DH, later DL1AX) and campaigned intensively for amateur radio in Germany.
Haberl died on December 19, 2016.
swell
See the corresponding sections at Walter Klingenbeck . Furthermore, reports from contemporary witnesses and unpublished material from the Grafingen city archivist Bernhard Schäfer.
Individual evidence
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Haberl, Hans |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German resistance fighters against National Socialism |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 5, 1924 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Munich |
| DATE OF DEATH | 19th December 2016 |