House Kolpingstrasse 4/6
There was a synagogue in the house at Kolpingstrasse 4/6 in Bremen - Mitte in the Schnoorviertel , Kolpingstrasse 4/6 . The house was built around 1820.
The cellar of the building at Kolpingstrasse 6 has been a listed building in Bremen since 1973 .
history
The original population of the Schnoor consisted mainly of river fishermen and boatmen. In the epoch of classicism and historicism , most of the often small buildings were built from around 1800 to 1890. In the further course it became a poor people's quarter, which largely fell into disrepair - especially after the Second World War . In 1959 the city passed a statute for the protection of the building stock worth preserving. The houses have been documented and many have been listed as historical monuments since the 1970s. From the 1960s onwards, with the support of the city, renovations, gap closings and renovations took place in the Schnoor.
A two-story house was built around 1820. Around 1860, the St. Johannis orphanage next to the St. Johann daycare center (No. 2/3) was converted. From 1876, the residential building No. 6 (formerly Gartenstrasse 6) was converted into a synagogue based on plans by Albert Dunkel .
This synagogue had existed since 1878. In 1896 the Israelite Community had a rabbi again with Dr. Leopold Rosenak . In 1933 there were 1314 (other sources 1438) members in the Israelite Congregation. The synagogue of the Jewish citizens was located here until 1938. On the night of November 9 to 10 1938, it was used by the Nazis set on fire. A memorial plaque has been commemorating this since 1982. The ruin was torn down. The Jewish community in the state of Bremen , founded in 1945, is today (2018) with almost 1,100 members, one of the larger Jewish communities in Germany.
In 1886 a laundry and bath house was added to house no. 4/5 (St. Johannis orphanage) and in 1887 the front was standardized. One of the existing two front doors was given up in favor of an enlarged window.
In 1946 the Catholic Journeyman's House for wandering journeymans was restored. The name Kolping House was mentioned for the first time. From 1951 the conversion to the Kolpinghaus youth hostel took place.
In 1955, Kolpingstrasse 4/5 was rebuilt again and Kolpingstrasse 6 was rebuilt according to plans by Wilhelm Viehoff, and the two houses were connected. The foundations and basement of the synagogue were reused for the new building of the Kolping House with 62 beds.
In 1959 the connection to house no. 7 was built. In 1982, houses no. 4–7 were renovated and rebuilt according to plans by Karl-Heinz Bruns. The Kolping House was demolished in 2007; The former cellar of the synagogue was preserved.
Today (2018) the new three- or six-storey house with a neoclassical facade facing Kolpingstrasse is used for offices (including Caritas) and for living. The memorial for the former synagogue is in the basement.
Kolpingstrasse (formerly Gartenstrasse ) was named in 1950 in memory of the Catholic priest Adolph Kolping . The name Schnoor ( Snoor ) means cord :. He came through the ship's trade and the manufacture of ropes and ropes (= cord).
literature
- Karl Dillschneider: The Schnoor, Bremen 1978.
- Dieter Brand-Kruth: The Schnoor - a fairytale district . Bremer Drucksachen Service Klaus Stute, 3rd edition Bremen, 2003.
- Karl Dillschneider, Wolfgang Loose: The Schnoor Old + New A comparison in pictures . Schnoor Association Heini Holtenbeen, Bremen 1981.
- Karl Dillschneider: The Schnoor. Vibrant life in Bremen's oldest district. Bremen 1992.
- Regina Bruss: The Bremen Jews under National Socialism. Publications from the State Archives of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen Vol. 49, Bremen 1983.
- Max Markreich : History of the Jews in Bremen and the surrounding area. Edited by Helge-Baruch Barach-Burwitz. Edition Temmen , Bremen 2003, ISBN 3-86108-692-1
See also
Individual evidence
- ^ Monument database of the LfD
- ↑ Monika Porsch: Bremer Straßenlexikon , complete edition. Schünemann, Bremen 2003, ISBN 3-7961-1850-X .
Coordinates: 53 ° 4 ′ 23 " N , 8 ° 48 ′ 37.4" E