Henri Edmond Cross
Henri Edmond Cross (born May 20, 1856 in Douai , † May 16, 1910 in Saint-Clair (Var) ; actually Henri-Edmond Delacroix ) was a French painter, one of the most important exponents of pointillism .
Life
Henri-Edmond Delacroix became a pupil of the painter Alphonse Colas (1818–1887) in Lille in 1878 and began his career as a painter with realistic pictures in dark colors. In 1881 he continued his artistic training in Paris with François Bonvin and Emile Dupont-Zipcy (1822–1885). In 1883 he took his stage name Cross and met Paul Signac . He increasingly preferred outdoor painting , turned to Impressionism and discovered the French Mediterranean coast.
In 1891 he moved to Cabasson in the south of France, and later to Saint-Clair. In the same year Georges Seurat died , his death aroused Cross interest in Neo-Impressionism. His contact with Signac deepened. After several exhibitions in France, he took part in the first neo-impressionist exhibition in Germany in 1898 with Signac, Maximilien Luce and Théo van Rysselberghe in Berlin . In his later career he inspired with his works a. a. Rousseau.
Cross carried out the pointillist method of placing dots of color next to each other strictly at the beginning. The color impressions, broken down into many individual tones, should only recombine into a uniform tone in the eye of the beholder. But from 1895 the dots became larger, the application of paint wider and the color nuances stronger. From 1903 onwards he moved more and more away from pure loyalty to nature in the direction of decorative pictorial themes. In 1904 he was visited by Henri Matisse , on whom he exerted great influence; In any case, Cross can be regarded as a forerunner of Fauvism due to the predominant use of primary colors .
From 1906 watercolor slowly replaced oil painting in Cross's work, his style became softer, the technique less dogmatic. The last years of his life were overshadowed by attacks of rheumatism , which from 1909 onwards also impaired his artistic work. A year later, Cross died of cancer at the age of 54 .
Works
- Les îles d'or (The Golden Islands) (around 1891/92; Paris, Musée National d'Art Moderne )
- L'air du soir (evening song) (1893/94; Paris, Musée d'Orsay)
- La Ranelagh (Picnic in the Park) (1900; private property)
- La colonne fleurie (Madame Cross) (flower-entwined column) (around 1901; private collection)
- La plage de Saint-Clair (Beach of Saint-Clair) (1901; private property)
- Les rochers from Trayas (Rocks in Trayas) (1902; Saint-Denis, Musée d'art det d'histoire)
- Venise (Venice) (1903; Galerie Salis, Salzburg)
- Voiles près Chioggia (sailing ships near Chioggia) (1903–05; private property)
- Le Cap Layet (1904; Musée de Grenoble)
- Étude pour faune (Study for "Faun") (around 1905/06; Musée de Grenoble)
- The bay of Cavalière (1906; Saint-Tropez, Musée de l'Annonciade)
- Côte provençale, Le Four de Maures (Provencal coast) (1906-07; Douai, Musée de la Chartreuse)
- Avant l'orage. La baigneuse (Before the Storm. Bathers) (1907-08; private collection)
- Antibes (1908; Musée de Grenoble)
literature
Frédéric Frank, Marina Ferretti Bocquillon, Ortrud Westheider, Michael Philipp (eds.): Color and Light: The Neo-Impressionist Henri-Edmond Cross , Prestel Verlag , Munich 2018, ISBN 978-3-7913-5772-0 , catalog for the exhibition in the museum Barberini , Potsdam, November 17, 2018 - February 17, 2019.
Web links
- Henri Edmond Cross at Google Arts & Culture
- Henri-Edmond Cross at artcyclopedia.com (engl.)
- Works in the portal of the museum collections of France (Joconde) (French)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Cross, Henri Edmond |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Delacroix, Henri-Edmond (real name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French neo-impressionist painter |
| DATE OF BIRTH | May 20, 1856 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Douai |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 16, 1910 |
| Place of death | Saint-Clair (Var) |