Henri Piéron

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Henri Piéron

Henri Louis Charles Piéron (born July 18, 1881 in Paris ; † November 6, 1964 ) was a French psychologist who is considered one of the founders of scientific psychology in France.

life and work

Piéron was the son of a math teacher. After the death of Alfred Binet in 1912 he became director of the Laboratory for Psychology at the Sorbonne , where he was professor from 1911 to 1923. From 1923 to 1951 he was professor of perceptual psychology (Physiology des sensations) at the Collège de France . In 1932 he founded the Institute of Psychology at the University of Paris. He also taught at the École Pratique des Hautes Études.

Piéron was a representative of behaviorism , whose positions he represented as early as 1908 before the relevant essays by John B. Watson (from around 1913 to 1919). He was particularly concerned with the psychophysiology of perception, where he designed optical and other experiments. With a book from 1913 he is considered one of the founders of sleep research. At that time he studied sleep mainly in animals (such as crabs, ants). In applied psychology, he applied differential psychology to school and professional life. In 1928, Piéron founded the Institut national d'orientation professionnelle (INOP, from 1942 the Institut national d'étude du travail et d'orientation professionnelle, Inetop). At the institute belonging to the Conservatoire national des arts et métiers (Cnam), psychological advisors were trained in addition to research activities.

In 1937 Piéron was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences , in 1949 to the National Academy of Sciences . In 1946 he was President of the French Zoological Society.

Fonts

  • with Nicolas Vaschide : La psychologie du rêve au point de vue médical. Paris, Baillière, 1902.
  • with Édouard Toulouse , Nicolas Vaschide: Technique de Psychologie expérimentale. Paris, Doin, 1904.
  • L'évolution de la mémoire. Paris, Flammarion, 1910.
  • The problem of physiology you sommeil. Paris, Masson, 1913.
  • Le cerveau et la pensée. Paris, Alcan, 1923
  • Éléments de Psychologie expérimentale . Paris, Vuibert, 1925.
  • Experimental psychology. Paris, A. Colin, 1927.
  • Les sensibilités cutanées. Paris, A. Chahine et Maloine, 1928-1932.
  • Le développement mental et l'intelligence. (Leçons professées à l'Université de Barcelone.) Paris, Alcan, 1929.
  • Les reflexes sus-élémentaires. In: Georges Dumas (editor): Nouveau Traité de Psychologie. Volume 2, pp. 19-39. Paris, Alcan, 1932.
  • L'attention. L'habitude et la mémoire. In: Georges Dumas: Nouveau Traité de Psychologie. Volume 4, pp. 3-136. Paris, Alcan, 1934.
  • with Henri Laugier , H. Piéron, Édouard Toulouse, D. Weinberg Études docimologiques sur le perfectionnement des examens et concours. Paris, Conserv. Nat. des Arts et Métiers, 1934.
  • Le toucher. In: G.-H. Roger, L. Binet (Editor) Traité de Physiologie normal et pathologique. Volume 10, pp. 1055-1228. Paris, Masson, 1935.
  • The connaissance sensorielle et the problems of the vision . Paris, Hermann, 1936.
  • Physiology de la vision. In: Traité d'Ophtalmologie. Volume 2, pp. 497-768. Paris, Masson, 1939.
  • Psychology zoologique. In: Georges Dumas (editor) Nouveau Traité de Psychologie. Volume 8, part 1. Paris, Presses Universitaires de France, 1941.
  • La sensation, guide de vie . Paris, Gallimard, 1945
  • De l'actinie al'homme. 2 volumes of Presses universitaires, 1958/59
  • as editor: Psychology différentielle. Volume 1 of the Traité de Psychologie appliquée. Paris, Presses Universitaires de France, 1949.
  • with Georges Heuyer , H. Piéron, A. Sauvy: Le niveau intellectuel des enfants d'âge scolaire , Publication de l'Institut national d'Études démographiques, 1950.
  • The problems fondamentaux de la Psychophysique dans la science actuelle . Paris, Hermann, 1951.
  • Vocabulaire de la Psychologie (in collaboration with the Association des Travailleurs scientifiques). Paris, Presses Universitaires de France, 1951.

literature

  • Alfred Fessard: Henri Piéron, In L'Année psychologique. 1949, 5th year, anniversary volume Hommage à Henri Piéron. Pp. 7-13.
  • Jean Piaget : Henri Piéron: 1881-1964. In: The American Journal of Psychology. Tape. 79, 1966, pp. 2, 147-150.
  • Maurice Reuchlin : Henri Piéron 18 June 1881 - 6 November 1964. In: Revue de Psychologie Appliquée. Volume 14, 1964, pp. 213-218.
  • Françoise Parot: Les archives d'Henri Piéron. In: La Gazette des archives, revue trimestrielle de l'Association des archivistes français. No. 145, 1989, pp. 136-144.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Jean Piaget, Obituary by Piéron, see literature
  2. ↑ Introductory lecture École pratique des hautes études, after Piaget, loc. cit.
  3. ^ Brief History of Sleep Research, Stanford
  4. ↑ Book of Members 1780 – present, Chapter P. (PDF; 649 kB) In: American Academy of Arts and Sciences (amacad.org). Retrieved February 11, 2018 .
personal data
SURNAME Piéron, Henri
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Piéron, Henri Louis Charles (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French psychologist
DATE OF BIRTH July 18, 1881
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris
DATE OF DEATH November 6, 1964
Place of death Paris