Heraclean dynasty
From 610 to 695 and from 705 to 711 the so-called Heraklean dynasty represented the emperors in the Byzantine Empire and some exarchs of Carthage and Ravenna . The first documented member of this dynasty was the general Herakleios the Elder , possibly from Armenia , who began his career in the penultimate Roman-Persian War and later overthrew the usurper Phocas as the exarch of Carthage . The last representative of the dynasty was Tiberios, son and heir to the throne of Justinian II , who was murdered in 711 at the age of six. The dynasty mastered the transition from late antiquity to the Middle Ages , which finally transformed the formerly Eastern Roman Empire into a large Greek empire and was accompanied by the loss of 75% of the territory. Formative events were the Islamic expansion , which could be brought to a standstill on the Taurus in Asia Minor and the conquest of the Slavs in the Balkans , the consequences of which were mitigated by forced resettlement, as well as the invasion of the Proto-Bulgarians .
| Emperor | Full name | Reign | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Herakleios | Flavios Herakleios | 610-641 | through Herakleios ; Caesar: Constantine (?, 617–? 631) |
| Athalaric | Ioannes Athalarichos | 637? | Usurper in Constantinople |
| Constantine III | Flavios Herakleios Neos Konstantinos | 641 | Co-emperor since 613, with Heraklonas |
| Heraklonas | Konstantinos Herakleios | 641 | Co-emperor since 638 ( Caesar since 632), with David Tiberios ( Caesar since 638) and Martinos (? Caesar since 639); Regent: Martina |
| Constans II | Flavios Herakleios Konstantinos | 641-668 / 69 | 641 co-emperor of Heraklonas; Regents: Valentinos (642–643 / 44,? Caesar 642, Usurper 641 and 644/45), Gregoria (?, Up to 649) |
| Constantine IV | Konstantinos Pogonatos | 668 / 69-685 | Co-emperor from 654, 659–681 with Herakleios and Tiberios |
| Justinian II | Flavios Iustinianos Rhinotmetos | 685-695 705-711 |
Co-emperor since 681 from 706 with Tiberios ; Caesar: Terwel |
literature
- John F. Haldon: The Empire That Would Not Die. The Paradox of Eastern Roman Survival, 640-740. Harvard University Press, Cambridge (Massachusetts) 2016.