Herman (bull)

Bull Herman, Naturalis

Model of Herman in the Naturalis Museum in Leiden.

The bull Herman (born December 16, 1990 in Lelystad , † April 2, 2004 in Leiden ) was a cow that received the human gene for lactoferrin using genetic engineering . This transgenic cattle was produced by a Dutch research group with the participation of the biotechnology company Gene Pharming Europe BV (now Pharming NV ) in order to produce the human lactoferrin in cow's milk . The aim was to produce model complex human proteins as ingredients in the milk of transgenic mammals in order to use them in medicine. In 2014, Pharming introduced recombinant human C1 esterase inhibitor (Ruconest®), which is produced in the milk of transgenic rabbits, to treat hereditary angioedema . The bull Herman was not intended for the production of food, as a mirror article might suggest.

Individual evidence

↑ Krimpenfort, P., Rademakers, A., Eyestone, W., van der Schans, A., van den Broek, S., Kooiman, P., Kootwijk, E., Platenburg, G., Pieper, F., Strijker, R., et al. (1991). Generation of transgenic dairy cattle using 'in vitro' embryo production. Bio / technology (Nature Publishing Company) 9, 844-847.
^ Bernhard Epping: Enjoyment without regrets. Despite all the protests, more and more genetically modified foods will come onto the market . Der Spiegel special 11/1997, November 1st 1997.

[1] Krimpenfort, P., Rademakers, A., Eyestone, W., van der Schans, A., van den Broek, S., Kooiman, P., Kootwijk, E., Platenburg, G., Pieper, F., Strijker, R., et al. (1991). Generation of transgenic dairy cattle using 'in vitro' embryo production. Bio / technology (Nature Publishing Company) 9, 844-847.

[2] Bernhard Epping: Enjoyment without regrets. Despite all the protests, more and more genetically modified foods will come onto the market . Der Spiegel special 11/1997, November 1st 1997.